But they are hoarding with the sole purpose of selling it at higher price to make a profit .. But this dynamic was studied since the beginning, bitcoin has a strong appeal to bubble, for the reaons that the price is completly flexible,
But the two are completely related, hoarders only hoards because they are also traders and waiting for the good moment to sell with a profit. They don't just hoard to have a nice bunch of shiny coins on their wallet to put on their shelves as a decoration.
i have coin.. not just to hoard, but to spend too. i pass it to another person on the blockchain. without me having to use a exchange market. my utility of bitcoin and my hoarding of bitcoin does not affect the price of bitcoin, due to my activity/inactivity(both not market order related). bitcoin is not just a 2 option, hoard or market exchange. its also personal swaps, and personal lock-up for altnets, where altnets then move value in different currency.
you can be a trader on things like localbitcoins and not affect the market price of coinbase/binance
what affects the market price of the viewed PRICE of bitcoin is the trades that happen on the prominent exchanges.
i can if i chose to. lock up bitcoin(hoard) peg it to an altnet. use the altnet to swap for an altcoin and change the altcoins price on a prominent altcoin exchange. without impacting bitcoins price and without moving bitcoin after the lock. thus appear as if bitcoin is still being hoarded, yet my 'funds'(wealth) have moved on.
and whomever i locked my bitcoin into. then has an acquisition cost of today. meaning he wont sell today at 0 profit.
and i certainly didnt(in hypothetical scenario) sell my bitcoin. so the bitcoin that i was hoarding for ~10 years is not now deemed as valued at its 10year old value. nor has this allotment changed the bitcoin market price.
so as you can see there are alot more nuances, and depth to value and price and what effects both
Commodity can also have long term value, think about furnitures, maybe cars,
you dont buy furniture or cars on the commodities market.
you buy beef, oil, wheat. raw materials.... which later (after market) become products (assets/stock)
you mention cars.. so steel, lithium, oil would be the commodity, which later after market is used to build a car
Bitcoin is not a commodity maybe, but the point is that in the context of asking if it's an investment like a stock, the answer is it's more like a commodity, because it's value it's mostly derived from utility value. It's the only way it make sense.
bitcoin is a new asset class that has many functions. it can fit on the forex(currency) market. it can sit on the investments stock/shares market(ETF)
but it wont be a commodity in terms of a raw material used in production of another product.
also. you mention "value derived".
pick anything. lets say milk(again)
a retail customer may value milk at between £1-£1.50 as thats the value window they expect to all pay somewhere in between.
the price however changes due to the retailers choice to sell it at good value(near £1) or sell it at premium(near £1.50).
EG all retailers refuse to sell below £1 and all customers refuse to buy above £1.50
the reasons to sell it at different prices(within the value window) can be things like:
+greed(profit)
- wanting to gain more custom
+higher production cost from farm
-lower production cost from farm
+higher acquisition cost from wholesaler
-lower acquisition cost from wholesaler
-just have so much and its time to get paid for what they have, even at cost
also on the flip side of the market offer, the buyer might only want to buy:
-cheap out of greed.
+pay a premium if its something they need and cant get cheaper by other methods.
+pay a premium because the other methods are not easy to get to
but these buyer/seller PRICE negotiations happen inside the general value window of £1-£1.50
yes one week milk might be £1.20, the next £1.40. the next £1.50 and then offered at 20% off(back to £1.20)
but on the outside of the box economics. right now the milk value window is £1-£1.50.. where as 20 years ago it was £0.60-£1.. where by the PRICE was fluctuating within the window of 20 years ago