Is there a way on your ledger to turn on/off segwit address usage?
Unless you tick the "remember my choice" option, the "Ledger Wallet Bitcoin" Chrome App asks on startup:
However, as it displayed a "3" type address (as proven by the posted photo)... the Ledger wallet should only have done this if the OP had selected "SegWit"... it's the only scenario in which you should get P2SH addresses from a Ledger wallet (even if you were using LTC prior to the change to "M" type addresses for LTC).
As things stand, I can only think of a few causes for this issue:
1. Previously unknown (but theoretically possible) malware that changed the "receive" address displayed by the older versions of the wallet. However, given that the 3.3 BTC has NOT been moved from that address, I'd guess that this is somewhat unlikely.
2. It was actually an old LTC SegWit address using the "3" type addresses before Ledger upgraded. The screenshot says "BTC" but it might have been a graphical glitch in the older wallet... I can't confirm one way or the other as I can't get an old version of the wallet to test. If this is the case, it might be possible to use the solution provided by cryptonerddy.
3. Glitch with the derivation path used by the wallet. I've not seen another case of this before, but a lack of evidence does not disprove this theory.
4. The wallet that the address was generated from was NOT "Account 0"... but Account 1 or 2 etc. I'm unsure how likely this is... I believe the Ledger wallet shows an overview of ALL (used) accounts as the default dashboard... but still a possibility.
5. The wallet that the address was generated from was protected by BIP39 passphrase... OP claims they never used passphrase with this wallet (somewhat supported by the fact that they can see the BCH and LTC balances without needing to use a passprhase)
6. Something else... ? ? ?