It provides a great backdrop to the 2 questions I have:
(1) will the technical fundamentals of Bitcoin make it so resilient to being destroyed by the central powers that a significant enough number of people will continue to use it even if it were outlawed to significantly disrupt the existing economy?
(2) if so, will they be able to control Bitcoin by assimilation, integrating it into the fractional reserve banking system etc etc. until we're effectively back to where we are now?
I suspect that the answers are (1) yes and (2) no
1) The fundamentals of bitcoin are VERY strong. There are a few minor issues which will be worked out over time. As more people adopt the bitcoin currency the power of bitcoin will increase and so will the economy. Eventually we will hit a point where EVERYONE will use bitcoin simply because its more efficient and makes economic sense to do so. Countries that outlaw bitcoins will be left behind and eventually those laws will be scrapped because they are being left out of the bitcoin economy. Its like people using dollars. Right now oil is traded in dollars because its easier to have everyone, "on the same page." per say. The same thing will happen to bitcoins. Everyone will use bitcoins because it just makes everything easier.
This is a good chart to show where bitcoin is headed. The innovators wrote the source code, mined the early bitcoins, developed the early exchanges. Now we are in the early adopters phase where people buy and sell bitcoins for real money and use them for commerce, mainly technical savvy people. These people will develop technologies that make bitcoins EASIER to use for EVERYONE else. Bitcoin banks, more complex exchanges so on so forth. The next step will consist of getting average non-technical people to use bitcoin. The only way this will happen is if bitcoin is easy to use, can be spent at many places, and is secure. If we make it over the top of the hill then bitcoin is definitely here to stay for the long term. The late majority will probably be forced to switch over to bitcoin because everyone prefers to accept bitcoin over other forms of (riskier) currency. The laggards will just be people who don't trust online currency, mostly consist of old people.
2) They might be able to but only if we allow it. For example, think of the old days where we had full reserve banking where people put their gold/silver coins in the bank in exchange for certificates. Then people simply traded those certificates and never got their gold/silver out. Its going to be the same way. Bitcoin will be full-reserve banking BUT not if the banks start over issuing bitcoin certificates. Therefor, the important thing to mention is to keep most of your bitcoins in your wallet and not in a bitcoin bank.
Bitcoin banks will exist but they will operate more like small time companies and not the current mega corporations we have today. Bitcoin loans will probably be at high interest rates, since it has to be full reserve and most people won't keep large amount of bitcoins in the bitcoin banks. Instead the bitcoin banks will operate by providing currency exchange or offering debit cards. The debit cards would be able to be used at any store that accepts credit/debit cards. You would keep some bitcoins in the bank and then when you processed the transaction the bank would pay the transaction and convert the relevant BTC to cash on the fly. They would charge a small fee for this and BTC to BTC transactions would be free. They won't be that profitable once the market has matured.