If this is proven to be true, that would be amazing.
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[–]daneagles 391 points 9 hours ago
I'm not a physicist but maybe I can give you a more ELI5 answer to why everyone is freaking out about EmDrive right now.
The thing with the EMDrive system is that it's really a fundamental departure from previous engines in two major ways. For one thing, it doesn't require a propellant. Everything that we've ever sent into space since the first satellites and Apollo has been strapped onto a gigantic tank of fuel, which we then lit on fire and sent it into the upper atmosphere.
EMDrive achieves this by essentially "pushing off" the quantum vacuum, which causes the spacecraft to recoil in the opposite direction of motion and produces a small amount of thrust. As an analogy, consider a submarine: a submarine's propulsion system doesn't have to make use of strapping some giant fuel tank onto it - it can take advantage of the fact that it's submerged in its propellant (water) and instead we simply attach a rotor on the end which propels the submarine along. The EMDrive concept is doing the exact same thing, except this time the medium that we're "submerged" in is space itself. This explanation is a little light on a deeper scientific level but hopefully gets the general idea across.
The second reason why this is so revolutionary is because not only is the EMDrive much more efficient because it doesn't require a fuel tank to use, it also holds the possibility of travel faster than anything we could ever possibly build in the next century or more. I want to stress that this hasn't been confirmed for sure, and that for now this is just speculation, but what a more technologically mature version of the EMDrive would do is essentially contract the space directly in front of the spaceship, and expand the space behind the spaceship, meaning that when the spaceship is travelling, it's not moving straight through space; space itself is being contracted to make the journey much shorter. Think of sending a spacecraft from Earth to the moon; the distance is about 200,000 miles away. However, imagine now that instead of having to travel 200,000 miles, you only had to travel 100,000 miles because the space between Earth and the moon was contracted to make the distance shorter. You'd still be going the same speed, but the distance you'd have to travel would be substantially less because spacetime is being curved in your direction of motion, resulting in much faster travel times both around the solar system and beyond.
Also, if you don't have a science background it might be a bit overwhelming to understand why this is such a big deal in and of itself. You've probably heard that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light, and you may have also heard that as you approach the speed of light, anything travelling that fast has to have its mass approach 0 - this is why photons, the particles of light that move at light-speed, have no mass. Because of this, it is quite literally impossible to build a ship that could travel at anything even CLOSE to lightspeed, because in order to accelerate an object with a non-trivial mass (in fact, a HUGE mass, given that this is a spaceship), it would take more energy than we could ever possibly load onto a spaceship. This means that without the (eventual) invention of some kind of Alcubierre drive, it would be realistically not possible for us to even consider a mission shorter than the century+ timescale to any star system outside of ours. With EmDrive, that possibility could potentially be realized since you're not actually accelerating the spaceship to a high fraction of the speed of light; you're simply changing the space that it moves through.
This second application of the EMDrive is what's still very much contentious and still has yet to be proven, and you could probably see why - rigorous proof of this engine doing what its inventors claim it can would be a revolution of mind-boggling proportions and would completely change how we view space. This is the piece of the theory that Sonny White and his team are testing now; essentially what they're doing is setting up a small table with two beams of light going in opposite directions, where a beam of light is being forced through a test article designed to contract the space around it and thus make the beam of light appear at the detector SLIGHTLY faster than the control beam. If they compare the two beams of light and find that one arrived sooner than the other, it means the device has succeeded in shrinking the space in front of it which would be really huge news for the theory and device, and would definitely prompt the scientific community to turn a lot of their attention towards trying to disprove it since it's such a revolutionary idea.
Sorry this was so long but hopefully it helped answer your question.
http://www.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/34lkqw/eli5_the_emdrive_warp_field_possible_discovery/cqvumbs