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Well, if we look at history, China has always been a superpower, bar the last 200 years, as they completely missed the industrial revolution that boosted western economies. As this brief parenthesis is going to close, they are now ready to regain their superpower status. They are ruling their economic influence sphere (naval power in the China Sea), they have a massive army and weapons. let alone economic power, or R&D in future technologies, when Chinese students will have good enough research institute that will allow them to stay in China instead opf fleeing to the US universities.
Spot on. This is actually the only long term effect that can massively hurt the efforts made in the last 30 years. Keep in mind that welfare in China is basically non existent, and that when the population pyramid will be inverted (less youth to maintain a large portion of inactive population) the situation could quickly implode.