Money gets chosen by markets primarily on the basis of its utility and only secondarily on the basis of its distribution; its utility stems foremost from the physical characteristics of the substance. (Is it money-apt like gold and bitcoin, short-term-metastable-quasi-money-apt like fiat currencies, or ineffective as money like ice cubes?) The secondary aspects, while relevant, are far more forgiving.
An example:
Warren Buffett once invoked the image of all the gold in the world merged into a giant cube to illustrate the unproductivity/uselessness of gold as such, and his example is contrived to create just that impression. Such a scenario could indeed, at least temporarily, demonentize gold, just as one person holding all BTC would demonetize Bitcoin; a commodity can't act as a medium of exchange without enough eligible exchangers to render it a common value proxy across an economy.
I think that if distribution is distorted enough it can have a bigger influence on money choice than utility when the value gets higher. And ultimately it will act as a break on value when this group aggregates too much coins (for instance through loans) and becomes too big a power.
So there is a limit to the growth potetial of bitcoin because of the 'early' adopters.
That said, if you owned that giant cube of gold, you'd want to get a chunk of it out into people's hands and in the marketplace as money so that people will accept gold from you in exchange for goods and services. One can see the incentive for large holders of 'money-apt' commodities to circulate them, particularly in those markets that provide the wealth holder useful goods/services. In fact, if someone were to have possession of ALL the world's gold/bitcoins, the smartest thing for him or her to do would be to distribute enough of it, even for free, to remonetize it. All the money-apt characteristics--the primary condition for something to be money--are there lying dormant, as compelling as ever, waiting for the weak secondary condition to be fulfilled. Note that nothing more need be done than to distribute the money-apt commodity past some minimum threshold. Markets will do the rest automatically--Game recognize game; money demand recognizes money.
Well, yes.
And that would then make such a person the controller of the market. Think of it, individuals owning much more than the complete market and spreading coins as they see fit. They could manipulate prices on a massive scale. That can only be healthy within a bigger framework of something more balanced where the market has value stored in other ways as well. Bitcoin can only function in a symbiotic relation.
This is why I don't fear for the scalability of Bitcoin or its appeal to latecomers. Even if it's storing value mostly for a small group, it's just as good a store of value to any new entrant, and of course a great medium of exchange.
I also think bitcoin can be a great medium, i just think it cannot be the only medium and it cannot be the biggest medium.
Also note what I said about the dominant strategy for the unilateral holder of a money apt-substance implies about the marginal utility of money ownership. If I have 50 bitcoins, I'm more likely to be frivolous with a few Satoshis than someone who owns 1/1000th of a bitcoin. In combination with the limitations on fraud with Bitcoin relative to fiat, I expect some trickle-down on that basis, and from those with large holdings promoting the new currency and assisting their communities.
I'm sure that there will be some trickle-down, but it will propably not flow easily. And on its way down more trenches will be formed.
Although
relatively speaking big coin holders will be more frivolous compared to small holders, in general the incentive is to hold on to your coin. Not only will people be frivolous with their money less often, the coin they spend will not distribute easily.
So i'm not sure this process will unfold as nicely as you described.
Gold has similar distributional inequality to Bitcoin. A new, independent form of sound money concentrated within a different group helps to decentralize power in the world. Bitcoin is mostly owned by forward-thinkers, nerds, etc. (I'm venturing a guess there.) Gold ownership rests on a history of violence and theft stretching endlessly back through a savage past. Those massive hoards need a counterweight.
Those forward-thinking nerds are pretty sketchy overall. Lots of scams, lots of tor connections, lots of puppets, lots of obscure information passing through hidden irc chanels etc.
And they would be a big part of the 'nouveau riche' superclass (so even above upper-class as this class effectively owns the market).
Assuming all goes well with Bitcoin's rise and it reaches its anticipated potential, the challenge for the early adopters will be to use their purchasing power wisely and philanthropically.
And you trust the bunch of us are generally capable of that?
I don't see that happen.