https://www.fatf-gafi.org/media/fatf/documents/recommendations/Updated-Guidance-VA-VASP.pdfVA = Virtual Asset - VASP = Virtual Asset Service Provider - AEC = Anonymity-Enhanced Cryptocurrency
4
In particular, the virtual asset ecosystem has seen the rise of anonymity-enhanced
cryptocurrencies (AECs), mixers and tumblers, decentralized platforms and
exchanges, privacy wallets, and other types of products and services that enable or
allow for reduced transparency and increased obfuscation of financial flows, as well
as the emergence of other virtual asset business models or activities such as initial
coin offerings (ICOs) that present ML/TF, fraud and market manipulation risks.
Further, new illicit financing typologies continue to emerge, including the
increasing use of virtual-to-virtual layering schemes that attempt to further obfuscate transactions in a comparatively easy, cheap, and secure manner.
shhh dont tell certain people but
LN is listed in the quote above, along with
mixers and things like
monero and liquidAML/CFT regulations will apply to covered VA activities and VASPs, regardless of
the type of VA involved in the financial activity (e.g., a VASP that uses or offers AECs
to another person for various financial transactions), the underlying technology
(e.g., whether it uses mainnet or the use of embedded layering or other scaling
solutions), or the additional services that the platform potentially incorporates
(such as a mixer or tumbler or other potential features for obfuscation)
shh dont tell certain people but
altnets like LN,
liquid are also deemed as suspicious, but shh dont tell then or the will cry and get angry
174
In the context of VA and VASP activities, countries should ensure that VASPs
licensed by or operating in their jurisdiction can manage and mitigate the risks of
engaging in activities that involve the use of anonymity-enhancing technologies or
mechanisms, including but not limited to AECs, mixers, tumblers, privacy wallets
and other technologies that obfuscate the identity of the sender, recipient, holder,
or beneficial owner of a VA. If the VASP cannot manage and mitigate the risks posed
by engaging in such activities, then the VASP should not be permitted to engage in
such activities.
304.
Further information on red-flag indicators for VAs that could suggest criminal
behaviour are set out in the FATF’s Virtual Asset Red Flag Indicators of Money
Laundering and Terrorist Financing. These indicators help VASPs and other obliged
entities to detect and report suspicious transactions involving VAs. Key indicators
include:
a. Technological features that increase anonymity - such as mixers, tumblers or
AECs