Adam Back: The worry with extremely large blocks is that they can be used to exacerbate a selfish mining attack. If you’ve got a large miner or a couple of large miners, they can create very large blocks and other people won’t be able to receive them or process them in time. So, they will gain an advantage in mining.
Bitcoin chose its parameters to make the advantage minimal so that it’s a level playing field between small miners and large miners. Right now, the interval between Bitcoin blocks is ten minutes. And the approximate time it takes to propagate, or send a block after it’s found, across the peer-to-peer network is about 10 or 15 seconds. You want the ratio between the propagation time and the block interval to be high enough, because, as a miner, while you’re waiting to receive a block, or while you’re processing a block to check it’s valid, you’re unable to mine. So, you lose money.
By having larger blocks, it’s going to take a longer time to process them. So, it’s going to favor miners with higher bandwidth or who are more centrally connected via high speed links to other miners. It gives them an advantage.
How about access to heavily state subsidized electricity rates? Miners more centrally located to hydroelectric plants? Are these not advantages to be gained in the mining market? Why do the reticent devs arrogate themselves the power to centrally plan advantage, or disadvantage, as it relates to bandwidth speeds? (And would they have a conceivable side interest in desiring such control?)
If you increase the block size rapidly, the level playing field is eroded. If it gets eroded too much, once miners are able to create blocks that only they and a couple of other big miners can mine, they can exclude everybody else because [other miners] can’t keep up.
Let's be honest, there are well less than 20 individual pools/nodes that really comprise the vast majority mining power, are these pools not already incentivized and funded enough to secure the absolute best possible connectivity in their locale? Again, why play favorites here?
The block size is there to put a check on these economies of scale and level the playing field.
The economies of scale generally relate to power rates, and housing. Why not quality of network connectivity? Well, because of full node distribution, which may very well fall in the case of a precipitous blocksize increase. Seems like he's barking up the wrong tree in focusing on mining vs full node decentralization?
I said, weeks ago, before this strange schism erupted in the community that I would be perfectly happy even with Jeff's BIP 102. The timing is not absolutely critical yet, and if it suddenly was, we would have 100% more headroom. Sad to see everything sort of devolve into a shitstorm, but I really
am hopeful that a more conservative increase (even one time) option emerges from core. Followed by a mass exodus from XT when they see that there is another more equitable and certainly less contentious outcome.
I think the core team is technically brilliant, yes even gmaxwell. But some of these questions are more than technical, they're somewhat political, and people's disparate interests get all wrapped up in it.