On many of my lightning channels I charge no fee. On some high traffic channels (that are not mainly streaming payments, or channels with a country that NEEDS BTC (Cuba, ES, Afghanistan, Venezuela)) I charge an absolutely minimal fee, in theory to discourage attacks, though I am not sure if 2 satoshis is enough to have an anti-spam effect on a ~$500 payment, lol...
Who says lightning can only handle very small payments? My little computer the size of an Altoids tin routed a successful >1000000 sat payment! And does frequently. And I rake in a whopping $0.00097. It'll take more than 100 of these to make me a whole penny.
I am watching my traffic very carefully, and it is most certainly increasing. My channel with Podcast Index is my favourite with payments commonly between 1-3 satoshis. I have records of facilitating payments EACH SECOND to this node at 3 satoshis each... This is letting a podacaster earn $5hr for their content instead of the $3/hr they would earn if each of the forwards I took just 1 SAT.
Yes, I am losing potential revenue... But I am also avoiding having to report that as income lol. And my very biggest reason to do it is to make it possible for these pioneers to spin this thing up and make it work.
Here is a fun little segment from my logs... with some of the sensitive info XXXX'd out.
3 sats per second! My raspberryPi is helping make streaming payment possible!!!!
I am certainly not against lightning node operators making money for routing payments... But I have to admit, I wonder if there are more people like me out there if it will make this catch on a little quicker?
Imo this is how the lightening network should operate in the future. I said in another topic that the problem with Bitcoin is the fees and the complexity of setting up Lightening nodes but if we can get people to not charge much for operating a Lightening node then the incentive for people adopting Bitcoin compared to credit cards will go up. Atm vendors are accepting credit cards because they are instant and they have no fees but in time when Bitcoin gets more popular vendors will be encouraged to accept Bitcoin but the only problem for them would be people would still be more likely to pay with their credit cards because of the fees. Although if we can get more people like you setting up Lightening nodes with little fees the incentive of customers paying in Bitcoin increases and then more vendors will want to accept Bitcoin increasing its adoption and improving the price for all of us.
The only problem we have a lot of people do not see past that they can earn money while operating a node and processing transactions but if they saw that reducing their commission for increased adoption would benefit them more. I have to ask does what you earn processing transactions pay for the electricity that you are using to operate the node because those are some very small fees.
Another interesting twist in the lightning vs Bitcoin vs credit card models:
Credit cards charge a flat fee of ~3% for each purchase. So when you go the the computer store and buy your $2500 Macbook $75 of this goes straight to the chain of people who facilitate the CC purchase. But this *seems* to be invisible to you. Because the laptop cost $2500, and you PAID $2500. But the store only received 2425.00. (Of course taxes are a totally different animal). So the math involved in getting this all right for the supply chain from the semi manufacturers to the seller takes that 3% into account in the suggested retail price.
The model we currently see in the lightning network the fees are paid by the BUYER. If i send you 5,157,320 satoshis (currently ~2.5kUSD) you GET exactly that many satoshis. As a side note this is a fairly BIG lightning invoice... but also possible today thanks to wumbo channels and multi-path-payments. It would still be hard to get this one through without a channel to the seller, but it will get easier over time. Fees paid for a transaction this size will vary WILDLY based on the available nodes and how many hops needed to make the payment. But we could expect to pay somewhere between 500-50000 sats for this payment.
Bitcoin on chain payments ALSO charge the sender the fee. But there is a very interesting difference to fee structures on lightning. And one that is quite useful to commerce. It is an interesting twist that currently if you send ANY AMOUNT onchain it will, as of this post, cost you about $0.36usd to see it make a block within an hour (2sat/b). This is true if you send ten cents or if you send $10,000,000. This illustrates the problem with micropayments that Satoshi and Hal Finney and others discussed here in the early days.
The lightning network charges fees TWO ways.
-A flat fee
-a fee rate
Both denominated in millisats (0.000000000001 BTC) you will often see a 1000 milisat fee, with fee rate that can be between 1-2%. This means a lightning network payment might see fees that are often less than, but approaching the fees on credit cards. Sometimes more, sometimes less. But the structure is particularly useful for micropayments because you can charge even less than a satoshi for very small transactions. And people pushing the limits and using giant liquidity pay an arguably fairer price.
But this will hit the buyer. When you buy your $2500 macbook you could easily pay $25-50 in fees to get that payment across (again assuming you are connected well enough to make that large payment.
We should see several interesting dynamics come into play.
1. Prices will likely drop at merchants that take Bitcoin, and discounts for payment in bitcoin will be offered.
2. Wallets will begin to intelligently choose between on and off chain payments at certain thresholds.
3. Real competition in the lightning node fee markets will develop as you will not have the near monopolies the CCs currently are.
4. It will make sence to open channels to retailers you frequent the most. The grocery store, and perhaps even the computer store. And then you may be able to reduce your fees to 0, or close to it.
Banks will eventually do complex channel management, and i predict we might even see payment apps, that can use the lightning network branded by the bank. Strike has shown the way, and banks may begin to realize they can do FIAT denominated electronic payments by using the lightning network backend.
When you think about it a little and start to see the future.. it's pretty amazing, in my opinion.