[...]
Yes, USD has dropped 99% of its value since 100 years ago, but the USD supply has increased much more than 1000 times,
[...]
(I had to crop the quote, I wanted to address only this point)
I have no idea if your numbers are correct, but if they are:
We know that the consequence of increasing the money quantity has effect on prices, more money means higher prices, but there is a delay. When money is printed and are still in the basement of the central bank, and it is unknown to the public, there is no price rise, but when the money is distributed, it will rise prices, first on the products that are bought by the state, then the products that are bought by the vendors to the state and so on, until they are evenly spread out, which can take ten years or more.
So when he money quantity have risen 1000 times, but prices only 100 times (your numbers), the prices may rise in the future, eventually up to 1000 times, or 10 times more than today, don't you think? How long time will it take, will it be quicker? Money printing is still going on, not?
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/united-states/money-supply-m2You can google some numbers for US money supply. M2 is around 16 billion at 1913, and at 2013 it is around 12 trillion, so close to 1000 times increase, but if USD only becomes 1/100 of its initial value, that means for each 10x more money created, price level only increase by 1x.
The reason is: Although the money supply increases, the demand for money for trading goods/services also increased, so the goods and services production and consumption increased by about 10x. In one century, the industry output increased by 10x, banks printed 1000x more money and devalued those money by 100x in the process
Since the change in M2 and price level is just several percent each year, I don't think you will see a significant Cantillon effect any time. That's the rule that inflation should never increase by more than 5-10% per year, so that average people will ignore that change. However, the increase in base money supply becomes too dramatic since 2008, so what will happen now is uncertain
But my guess is, as long as those money are in the hands of banks, they can control the money in circulation, thus create inflation or deflation at will. Those rules in economy books are only a small subset of the giant central bank game, they can make things works like those books described, but they can also change it at will. At central bank's level, it is all about market manipulation, but they do it with certain risk