I Don't understand exactly what you ask me.
But, when you create wallet you get address on blockhain.
To access funds you must have access to your wallet.
Wallet can be protected by Passphrase - (locked wallet)
You can create backup of your wallet.dat file to ensure that if something goes wrong you can restore wallet.
If you don't have access to your wallet, you can always recreate that same wallet with your private keys that you can get for your wallet/Address by entering Dumpriv key command trough console while you still have access to wallet.
You cannot get private keys after you lost access to your wallet.
I hope this answers your question