DOMOB you are awesome.
In general, I think that the idea to have a coin like this (or even Primecoin) to "fund AI research" is nice.
Yah! I'd love to see something that is explicitly for such a purpose... evolutionary computation based PoW maybe? Proof-of-annealing? (Would be nice to have a proper "quantum hard" chain, too, as currently I don't think there are any? (Yah yah, I know, quantum just breaks security of addrs and the merkle chaining anyway...))
But one has to keep in mind that the actual use of PoW in blockchains is to make them secure against 51% attacks. So if the "AI thing" is used as the main PoW (as opposed to Huntercoin, for instance, where the security comes from hardware PoW and the "human-mining" is just an extra for "fun"), then I see a big problem here: When someone makes a "break through" in research of bot strategies (or mathematics backing prime numbers in some way for XPM), then they may very well be in a position to easily 51% or even 99% attack the network (as HMC has stated above for himself).
This is no different whether the "hashing function" is sha, scrypt, blake, x11, moto racing, raytracing, sat solving, or anything. The first sha asics could have 51%ed bitcoin. If I go make an X11 fpga array tomorrow I could 51% attack a lot of networks for awhile. If someone made a raytracing based coin and someone else devised some new crazy fast raytracer math they'd be able to 51%. If there were a 3SatCoin and I found some crazy new lower bound on general NP solution... well you get the drift.
You just have to hope that the people who make the technological breakthroughs are inclined toward using them to the benefit of securing the network (instead of to the detriment of the network's users) and that competition quickly causes others to procure and adopt the same new technologies, so the network remains secure. As I said before, I personally intend benevolence. Any of us botters could have already
actually killed motocoin any time now, by just 51%ing c-cex just enough to where the exchange decides to remove the listing because of the losses. As each new botter comes online (btw, hello botter number 4-or-5(-we're-not-sure-yet), welcome to the game!) such an attack becomes more difficult/unlikely as you have ever increasing hashing strength from the other botters to compete against.
I. e., I don't think that it makes sense to use such mining techniques for PoW in a blockchain - at least, if it is not just about the fun of it but also to create an actually secure crypto-currency.
I think it is fine to use such techniques as long as they are actually computationally hard (an open question for moto... I'm so far unconvinced that there isn't a direct linear regression solution allowing deterministic constant time block solution at any difficulty) and are allowed to continue to actually *secure* the network! (Meaning the bots are allowed to do their thing and strengthen the consensus history with their ever increasing ramp of energy spend commitments.)
The hard part ofc is doing it in a way that it doesn't
just degrade into nothing more than a really convoluted sort of alternative hashing function, so you don't end up with "just another altcoin" that might as well be just another x11 ltc fork. That, as I see it, is the open problem.... how to achieve machine-scale driven network security around consensus and still leave room for human competition for coinbases. I suspect it is possible, but I'm afraid that I don't have all of the answers just yet.