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Topic: Could China (or similar) take control of Bitcoin? - page 3. (Read 1593 times)

member
Activity: 182
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The arbiter of what is the "true chain" is... the 51%.

He clearly emphasizes that a 51% attack, which is what an attacker's chain growing faster than the honest is, does not grant the attacker arbitrary power to change the protocol.

I find it surprising that you, and seemingly no one else that I've encountered, hold the misconception that 51% of the hashrate can dictate protocol rules to the remaining 49%.  I wonder what other misconceptions about Bitcoin I will come across in my lifetime.  

Ever wonder why people talk about the "51% attack" on Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies? Doesn't it make you wonder what they are talking about?

And I think the majority of the posters here--and most of the ones who have engaged in the conversation in a non-superficial way--acknowledge that such an attack is possible.

But it it makes you feel better to think that it's "impossible" to corrupt the Bitcoin network even for a major superpower like China, I guess you should go ahead and... feel that way...

sr. member
Activity: 336
Merit: 296
The arbiter of what is the "true chain" is... the 51%.

He clearly emphasizes that a 51% attack, which is what an attacker's chain growing faster than the honest is, does not grant the attacker arbitrary power to change the protocol.

I find it surprising that you, and seemingly no one else that I've encountered, hold the misconception that 51% of the hashrate can dictate protocol rules to the remaining 49%.  I wonder what other misconceptions about Bitcoin I will come across in my lifetime. 
member
Activity: 182
Merit: 47
You don't find it strange that the whole world recognizes the specifically-named "Bitcoin 51% attack" except you?

I've wasted my time engaging with a troll.  The entire world recognizes the 51% attack as "double-spending", not "rule changing".  If you had actually read the whitepaper, you would have noticed that satoshi himself refers to double-spending.  In fact, he emphasizes that arbitrary rules cannot be enforced at will:

Quote
We consider the scenario of an attacker trying to generate an alternate chain faster than the honest chain. Even if this is accomplished, it does not throw the system open to arbitrary changes, such as creating value out of thin air or taking money that never belonged to the attacker.

There's not anything else to say.  Satoshi himself agrees with me. 

He was not talking about a 51% attack there, merely a "20% attack", etc. The arbiter of what is the "true chain" is... the 51%. And double-spending is... what you would do if you took over the network. Indeed, the entire reason the network exists is to prevent double spending, so if you don't prevent that, then nothing else matters.

Regardless, you've moved the goalposts, which I guess is a good sign.

Bitcoin can be taken over by China or some other large country capable of capturing 51% of the hashrate. If you want to call that something else, then fine. But the bottom line is that it's not "impossible" to take over Bitcoin, only very very difficult and available only to large nation-state actors.

But the notion that Bitcoin is "impossible to take over" is a false one.

sr. member
Activity: 336
Merit: 296
You don't find it strange that the whole world recognizes the specifically-named "Bitcoin 51% attack" except you?

I've wasted my time engaging with a troll.  The entire world recognizes the 51% attack as "double-spending", not "rule changing".  If you had actually read the whitepaper, you would have noticed that satoshi himself refers to double-spending.  In fact, he emphasizes that arbitrary rules cannot be enforced at will:

Quote
We consider the scenario of an attacker trying to generate an alternate chain faster than the honest chain. Even if this is accomplished, it does not throw the system open to arbitrary changes, such as creating value out of thin air or taking money that never belonged to the attacker.

There's not anything else to say.  Satoshi himself agrees with me. 
member
Activity: 182
Merit: 47
Not accepted BY WHOM??.

Let's say you're running the original Bitcoin protocol with its 21 million coin cap.  Now, imagine I show up with a modified set of rules and send you a transaction where I award myself 1 million coins.  Even if I control all the hashing power, your node wouldn't accept that block because it violates the rules you're following.  It would be deemed invalid.

There's no central authority here.  It's a decentralized system of nodes, each enforcing its own set of rules.


In that scenario, my node would be meaningless as I would no longer be considered part of the network by the algorithm. The attacked would be Bitcoin and I would be not-Bitcoin.

Well, they don't. I would suspect the reason is that many of them are actually major holders of Bitcoin and don't want to denigrate their investment.

They're afraid of "denigrating their investment," lmao!  All the miners need to do is come to an internal agreement—it's not like they can't work together, they already do through mining pools.  If they want more rewards, they can simply propose it to each other.  That's the exact opposite of "denigrating their investment". 


An "internal agreement". Oh, you mean the Miner's Union, right? Or was it the Association of Bitcoin Miners (ABM)? Or some other central authority you keep inventing out of thin air?

Here's another quote from the Bitcoin docs:

"Only if you acquired a majority of the network’s hashing power could you reliably execute such a 51 percent attack against transaction history (although, it should be noted, that even less than 50% of the hashing power still has a good chance of performing such attacks)."

The 51% attack targets transaction history, not consensus rules.  That's why I asked for the algorithm, it's clear that you don't know what you're talking about.  Gaining 51% of the hashrate only gives you the ability to reverse transactions, nothing more. 

It gives you the ability to make the software do whatever you want it to do. You don't seem to understand how software works in general. Once a fork owns the network, then that fork (assuming it's controlled by a coordinated entity) can re-write the software in any way it wants.

You don't find it strange that the whole world recognizes the specifically-named "Bitcoin 51% attack" except you?

sr. member
Activity: 336
Merit: 296
Not accepted BY WHOM??.

Let's say you're running the original Bitcoin protocol with its 21 million coin cap.  Now, imagine I show up with a modified set of rules and send you a transaction where I award myself 1 million coins.  Even if I control all the hashing power, your node wouldn't accept that block because it violates the rules you're following.  It would be deemed invalid.

There's no central authority here.  It's a decentralized system of nodes, each enforcing its own set of rules.

Well, they don't. I would suspect the reason is that many of them are actually major holders of Bitcoin and don't want to denigrate their investment.

They're afraid of "denigrating their investment," lmao!  All the miners need to do is come to an internal agreement—it's not like they can't work together, they already do through mining pools.  If they want more rewards, they can simply propose it to each other.  That's the exact opposite of "denigrating their investment". 

And who's going to stand in their way if they're the ones making all the decisions?  Wink 

Here's another quote from the Bitcoin docs:

"Only if you acquired a majority of the network’s hashing power could you reliably execute such a 51 percent attack against transaction history (although, it should be noted, that even less than 50% of the hashing power still has a good chance of performing such attacks)."

The 51% attack targets transaction history, not consensus rules.  That's why I asked for the algorithm, it's clear that you don't know what you're talking about.  Gaining 51% of the hashrate only gives you the ability to reverse transactions, nothing more. 
member
Activity: 182
Merit: 47
And yes, if a few of us entered the network with altered software, we'd be kicked out. Kicked out by whom? The majority.

No, we wouldn't be part of their network.  We would have established an independent network.  If suddenly, an entity with 51% of the hashrate enforced a 21 trillion cap rule out of nowhere, they wouldn't be accepted by the network.  They would be mining on their own blockchain.  I genuinely wonder why this concept is so challenging to grasp.

We wouldn't be kicked out.  We would have created our own network.  


Not accepted BY WHOM??. You keep in saying the mysterious "they" will not "accept" these nodes. How would this happen? Who are "they"? Why do "they" get to kick nodes out of the network whereas the others don't?

Again, you are inventing a central authority where there isn't one. It's an algorithm, that's all. It resolves conflicts in the network by the majority vote of the hashrate, that's all.

The same reason why Americans haven't declared war on Greenland: because the majority doesn't want that. I don't see why this is so complicated.

The majority of the miners don't want to earn billions of dollars worth of bitcoin.  That's brilliant argument!   Cheesy


Well, they don't. I would suspect the reason is that many of them are actually major holders of Bitcoin and don't want to denigrate their investment. Also, this would require coordinated collective action. If one miner did this unilaterally, they would lose money. They would need to convince the people running all of the other nodes to follow them, and even finding those people would be next to impossible, let alone convincing them to raise their rates.

Once again, there is no central authority no matter how logically convenient it is to invent one. There is no "miner's union". There is no "spokesman for all f the miners". There is no "miners trust" that represents all of the miners, allowing them to collectively make decisions. Indeed, this is the beauty of the Bitcoin network: there is no central anything.

And this is hard to wrap your head around since everything in our society had thus far been based on centralized power structures, such as tribe councils, governments, unions, community groups, and so on. Bitcoin doesn't work that way, and I think it's really, really hard for some to grasp the implications of that.


No, it's the 49% that is no longer Bitcoin, and the 51% that is Bitcoin. That's not what I want, or what you want, but that's what the algorithm wants.

Okay, you refuse to understand the reality.  Could you demonstrate the algorithm which allows the majority of the miners to enforce their own consensus rules?  

They don't "enforce their own consensus rules", they use the consensus rules to their advantage because, since they are the majority, they prevail.

Here's another quote from the Bitcoin docs:

"Only if you acquired a majority of the network’s hashing power could you reliably execute such a 51 percent attack against transaction history (although, it should be noted, that even less than 50% of the hashing power still has a good chance of performing such attacks)."

https://developer.bitcoin.org/devguide/block_chain.html

Here's another article talking about the "51% attack" on Bitcoin:

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/1/51-attack.asp


Look, if you don't want to read any of this, I think we're wasting our time here. This is going around in circles...


sr. member
Activity: 336
Merit: 296
And yes, if a few of us entered the network with altered software, we'd be kicked out. Kicked out by whom? The majority.

No, we wouldn't be part of their network.  We would have established an independent network.  If suddenly, an entity with 51% of the hashrate enforced a 21 trillion cap rule out of nowhere, they wouldn't be accepted by the network.  They would be mining on their own blockchain.  I genuinely wonder why this concept is so challenging to grasp.

We wouldn't be kicked out.  We would have created our own network. 

The same reason why Americans haven't declared war on Greenland: because the majority doesn't want that. I don't see why this is so complicated.

The majority of the miners don't want to earn billions of dollars worth of bitcoin.  That's brilliant argument!   Cheesy

No, it's the 49% that is no longer Bitcoin, and the 51% that is Bitcoin. That's not what I want, or what you want, but that's what the algorithm wants.

Okay, you refuse to understand the reality.  Could you demonstrate the algorithm which allows the majority of the miners to enforce their own consensus rules? 
member
Activity: 182
Merit: 47
The rules according to whom? You? Me? Sure. The actual algorithm that the Bitcoin network uses? Not so much.

The algorithm that the Bitcoin network uses was written by satoshi and remains unaltered.  Me and you cannot modify it, while remaining in the network.  While we have the freedom to alter it, such actions would promptly lead to their expulsion from the network, effectively creating another altcoin. 


Huh? You can alter whatever code you want to alter. There's nothing physically preventing you.

And yes, if a few of us entered the network with altered software, we'd be kicked out. Kicked out by whom? The majority.

I did explain, and the answer is simple: if 51% of miners agreed to the price increase, then that would be the price.

This doesn't answer why they aren't doing it. 


The same reason why Americans haven't declared war on Greenland: because the majority doesn't want that. I don't see why this is so complicated.

You simply cannot get off this idea that there's a central authority controlling Bitcoin.

I have NOWHERE stated the existence of a central authority that dictates rules.  My argument supports the absence of such authority, it's just you who doesn't get it.  People are free to write and employ software of their preference. 


If everybody on the network could simply use whatever authority they wanted, individually, then the network wouldn't work since everybody would use nodes that increase the value of their blocks for instance. The algorithm--the proof-of-work algorithm enforces a majority vote among nodes in the context of a dispute.


Quote

If 51% of the hashrate favors a significant change, such as modifying the 21 million rule, it merely results in the entity no longer being part of the Bitcoin network.  This isn't an imposition by an authority; it's the organic consequence of decentralized nodes ceasing to interact among themselves. 


No, it's the 49% that is no longer Bitcoin, and the 51% that is Bitcoin. That's not what I want, or what you want, but that's what the algorithm wants.

Quote

Your argument presents a completely different scenario.  If Chinese nodes altered the 21 million rule to 21 trillion, opposition would arise from people like you and me, regardless of the hashrate.  It would inevitably collapse on its own, as users would refuse to adopt it. 


That's not what this scenario imagines. I very much doubt the Chinese or some other major attacker like that would increase the number of blocks, but rather they would do other things advantageous to themselves e.g. seizing Satoshi's blocks or perhaps simply holding the whole network hostage for geopolitical purposes.


legendary
Activity: 1568
Merit: 6660
bitcoincleanup.com / bitmixlist.org
For further discussion, here's an old article talking about this possibility:

https://www.investopedia.com/news/bitcoin-wont-win-worldwide-adoption-because-china-controls-it-ripple-ceo/

Obviously the hashrate for China has changed, but my thesis here is that it definitely could happen...

More FUD from the Ripple CEO... or should I say the new Ripple CEO. God what is wrong with those people? If they think that their shitcoin is better than Bitcoin then why don't they try making everyone use it?



The short answer is that if an entity ever came close to controlling over 50% of the hash rate, the miners would disconnect from their pool and join another. Unless it is a pool-less miner like Foundry. How do they have money to buy all those miners anyway? Venture capitalists?
sr. member
Activity: 336
Merit: 296
The rules according to whom? You? Me? Sure. The actual algorithm that the Bitcoin network uses? Not so much.

The algorithm that the Bitcoin network uses was written by satoshi and remains unaltered.  Me and you cannot modify it, while remaining in the network.  While we have the freedom to alter it, such actions would promptly lead to their expulsion from the network, effectively creating another altcoin. 

I did explain, and the answer is simple: if 51% of miners agreed to the price increase, then that would be the price.

This doesn't answer why they aren't doing it. 

You simply cannot get off this idea that there's a central authority controlling Bitcoin.

I have NOWHERE stated the existence of a central authority that dictates rules.  My argument supports the absence of such authority, it's just you who doesn't get it.  People are free to write and employ software of their preference.  Regardless of the amount of hashrate voting for a consensus rule, it doesn't change reality.  If 51% of the hashrate favors a significant change, such as modifying the 21 million rule, it merely results in the entity no longer being part of the Bitcoin network.  This isn't an imposition by an authority; it's the organic consequence of decentralized nodes ceasing to interact among themselves. 

Bitcoin cash is not Bitcoin and never was Bitcoin. Satoshi's Bitcoin blocks were not affected by Bitcoin cash, nor were anybody else's. The Bitcoin network--51% of it--ensured that Bitcoin stayed Bitcoin. If the majority of miners decided that Bitcoin cash was the primary system and the "old" Bitcoin was the fork, then that would be the world we're now living in. But that didn't happen.

If the majority of miners had shifted to Bitcoin Cash, then Bitcoin Cash would have become the prevailing norm.  However, this analogy differs because Bitcoin Cash solely rised the block size, a measure that had been under consideration since 2010 but was never enacted due to disagreements among developers.

Your argument presents a completely different scenario.  If Chinese nodes altered the 21 million rule to 21 trillion, opposition would arise from people like you and me, regardless of the hashrate.  It would inevitably collapse on its own, as users would refuse to adopt it. 
member
Activity: 182
Merit: 47
The attackers nodes are going to "run the original Bitcoin rules" as far as everybody is concerned.

A node that imposes a 21 trillion coin cap is not running based on the original Bitcoin rules. 


The rules according to whom? You? Me? Sure. The actual algorithm that the Bitcoin network uses? Not so much.

Again, how on earth would you know if the sever is "Chinese"?

Based on the rules it enforces, just like how a Bitcoin node and a Bitcoin Cash node recognize they're operating on different protocols, even without explicit IP ports and flags, they would eventually blacklist each other.  This occurs when they send each other transactions that violate the rules specific to each network. 

If the majority of the miners did this, then... their rewards would be inflated and that would be the new law of the land.

So, you CANNOT explain why miners aren't tampering with the consensus rules to increase their rewards, despite the fact that they have the capability to do so.  Why would they invest billions of dollars in energy, when they could inflate their rewards at will? 


I did explain, and the answer is simple: if 51% of miners agreed to the price increase, then that would be the price.

You simply cannot get off this idea that there's a central authority controlling Bitcoin.


You keep inventing one [central authority] here out of thin air.
 

It's you who creates the notion of a central authority that compels users to adhere to a specific set of rules.  I'm explaining the reality.  People have the freedom to join or leave any network they choose, and the majority of hashrate cannot hinder this.  Bitcoin Cash serves as a prime example.  If things operated as you imagine, Bitcoin Cash wouldn't exist because there wasn't a 'majority rule' that led to its creation. 

Yes, people have the freedom to either hold Bitcoin or not hold Bitcoin. They, individually, do not have the ability to decide what servers are "good" and what servers are "evil". That is up to a consensus also known as a majority vote of hashrate.

Bitcoin cash is not Bitcoin and never was Bitcoin. Satoshi's Bitcoin blocks were not affected by Bitcoin cash, nor were anybody else's. The Bitcoin network--51% of it--ensured that Bitcoin stayed Bitcoin. If the majority of miners decided that Bitcoin cash was the primary system and the "old" Bitcoin was the fork, then that would be the world we're now living in. But that didn't happen.







sr. member
Activity: 336
Merit: 296
The attackers nodes are going to "run the original Bitcoin rules" as far as everybody is concerned.

A node that imposes a 21 trillion coin cap is not running based on the original Bitcoin rules. 

Again, how on earth would you know if the sever is "Chinese"?

Based on the rules it enforces, just like how a Bitcoin node and a Bitcoin Cash node recognize they're operating on different protocols, even without explicit IP ports and flags, they would eventually blacklist each other.  This occurs when they send each other transactions that violate the rules specific to each network. 

If the majority of the miners did this, then... their rewards would be inflated and that would be the new law of the land.

So, you CANNOT explain why miners aren't tampering with the consensus rules to increase their rewards, despite the fact that they have the capability to do so.  Why would they invest billions of dollars in energy, when they could inflate their rewards at will? 

You keep inventing one [central authority] here out of thin air.

It's you who creates the notion of a central authority that compels users to adhere to a specific set of rules.  I'm explaining the reality.  People have the freedom to join or leave any network they choose, and the majority of hashrate cannot hinder this.  Bitcoin Cash serves as a prime example.  If things operated as you imagine, Bitcoin Cash wouldn't exist because there wasn't a 'majority rule' that led to its creation. 
member
Activity: 182
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"Considered" by what??

By every node that runs the original Bitcoin rules. 


The attackers nodes are going to "run the original Bitcoin rules" as far as everybody is concerned. There would be no way, pragmatically in real time, to tell the difference between a "good" node and an "evil" node.


Obviously any sort of "bad" node would use the same exact protocol. Do you think an attacker would include a header that said, "hey, I'm a bad actor" on every packet?

Non-Chinese nodes will reject transactions from Chinese nodes if they violate the rules, effectively resulting in the same outcome as being blocked for being considered 'bad'. 


Again, how on earth would you know if the sever is "Chinese"? The IP address? That's not reliable at all.

And guess what: the Chinese nodes would reject the non-Chinese ones, which would result in a dispute, wherein the majority consensus prevails. In other words, it would be the non-Chinese servers who would be considered the attackers, and the Chinese ones considered the defenders of the network.

Yep, and consensus is a majority vote, and in the context of Bitcoin nodes, that is a major vote of hashrate. There are no people involved in this consensus.

You're mistaken.  Take another look at the pages I referred to earlier, you've clearly missed them.  The majority vote doesn't pertain to protocol rules but to the order of transactions.  If it were otherwise, miners could arbitrarily inflate their rewards, which isn't the case.  Ever wondered why this doesn't occur?


If the majority of the miners did this, then... their rewards would be inflated and that would be the new law of the land. (Moreover, I would posit that

For the umpteenth time here: THERE IS NO CENTRAL AUTHORITY.

You keep inventing one here out of thin air. But there isn't one, and because of that, the only thing you are left with is majority rule, which necessarily must be enforced lest the network be completely useless since everybody could otherwise simply choose their own authority.

The scheme Satoshi came up with is to ask the network and get it to effectively vote, using their hashrate, against the "bad" actors. But the "bad actors" are only defined by what the majority thinks is "bad". If the 51% says the 49% is "bad", then the 49% is bad. End of story.

If the group controlling 51% of the hashrate changes the protocol rules within their nodes, they effectively detach from the network of the remaining 49%.  The 49% then becomes the new 100% of their existent network.   

Correct, but the 49% would be the irrelevant ones, not the 51%. Control of Bitcoin would automatically revert to the 51%.

You seem to be stuck on two false notions:

1. That there exists a central authority controlling Bitcoin. There isn't one.

2. That you could pragmatically tell the difference between a "good" node and an "evil" node in real time. You can't.

Individual human outsiders could identify could, after the fact, identify nodes that were doing the wrong things, and they could, for instance, complain about it here on bitcointalk.org. But they could not affect the real-time operation of the network, which is governed by an algorithm, not a central authority, not "scientists", not "concerned citizens", not "smart people", etc. etc. It's just an algorithm, and it's proof-of-work.




sr. member
Activity: 336
Merit: 296
"Considered" by what??

By every node that runs the original Bitcoin rules. 

Obviously any sort of "bad" node would use the same exact protocol. Do you think an attacker would include a header that said, "hey, I'm a bad actor" on every packet?

Non-Chinese nodes will reject transactions from Chinese nodes if they violate the rules, effectively resulting in the same outcome as being blocked for being considered 'bad'. 

Yep, and consensus is a majority vote, and in the context of Bitcoin nodes, that is a major vote of hashrate. There are no people involved in this consensus.

You're mistaken.  Take another look at the pages I referred to earlier, you've clearly missed them.  The majority vote doesn't pertain to protocol rules but to the order of transactions.  If it were otherwise, miners could arbitrarily inflate their rewards, which isn't the case.  Ever wondered why this doesn't occur?

The scheme Satoshi came up with is to ask the network and get it to effectively vote, using their hashrate, against the "bad" actors. But the "bad actors" are only defined by what the majority thinks is "bad". If the 51% says the 49% is "bad", then the 49% is bad. End of story.

If the group controlling 51% of the hashrate changes the protocol rules within their nodes, they effectively detach from the network of the remaining 49%.  The 49% then becomes the new 100% of their existent network.   
member
Activity: 182
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Therefore there would be no way of telling what is a "good" node and a "bad" node. They are all just nodes, and it somebody takes over 51% of them, they win.

Nope, a node that imposes a cap of 21 trillion isn't considered a 'good' node, regardless of the amount of hashrate they possess.  


"Considered" by what??

You keep inventing a central authority out of thin air.

You continue to reference a central authority that is going to "disagree" with bad nodes that does. not. exist.

I am NOT referring to any central authority.  It's the nodes within the current network that will refuse connections from nodes using different protocols.  What's hard to understand about that?


Obviously any sort of "bad" node would use the same exact protocol. Do you think an attacker would include a header that said, "hey, I'm a bad actor" on every packet?

How do you suppose Bitcoin's current nodes got there in the first place? Did they ask permission of that central authority you keep saying exists somewhere?

They connect because they adhere to the same protocol.  If one of them makes even a minor alteration to the protocol within its client, it no longer remains part of their network.  


Yep, and any network of bad actors would use the same protocol. Obviously.

Maybe I should have made that clear in the beginning here but I assumed that was obvious.


"The system is secure as long as honest nodes collectively control more CPU power than any cooperating group of attacker nodes."

This has nothing to do with protocol rules.  If you actually read satoshi, it explains the system's defense against 51% attacks, where one exploits their hashrate to double-spend.  It doesn't have to do with altering the protocol rules of other clients.  That's impossible without their consent.  

Yes, the 49% can object all it wants to the actions of the 51%. But that doesn't matter. The majority wins. That's what consensus means.

The scheme Satoshi came up with is to ask the network and get it to effectively vote, using their hashrate, against the "bad" actors. But the "bad actors" are only defined by what the majority thinks is "bad". If the 51% says the 49% is "bad", then the 49% is bad. End of story.



sr. member
Activity: 336
Merit: 296
Therefore there would be no way of telling what is a "good" node and a "bad" node. They are all just nodes, and it somebody takes over 51% of them, they win.

Nope, a node that imposes a cap of 21 trillion isn't considered a 'good' node, regardless of the amount of hashrate they possess. 

You continue to reference a central authority that is going to "disagree" with bad nodes that does. not. exist.

I am NOT referring to any central authority.  It's the nodes within the current network that will refuse connections from nodes using different protocols.  What's hard to understand about that?

How do you suppose Bitcoin's current nodes got there in the first place? Did they ask permission of that central authority you keep saying exists somewhere?

They connect because they adhere to the same protocol.  If one of them makes even a minor alteration to the protocol within its client, it no longer remains part of their network. 

How would any software, in real time, know they are altering the rules?

If a node from China connects to one from outside China and the Chinese node sends a transaction that's only valid according to Chinese rules, the non-Chinese node will refuse it and potentially blacklist the Chinese node. 

And for the umpteenth time here, nodes on a network don't have different-colored skin, do not speak with an accent, do not have a red flag with a star on them, and so on.

Lmao, they do.  It's called consensus:  https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Consensus

"The system is secure as long as honest nodes collectively control more CPU power than any cooperating group of attacker nodes."

This has nothing to do with protocol rules.  If you actually read satoshi, it explains the system's defense against 51% attacks, where one exploits their hashrate to double-spend.  It doesn't have to do with altering the protocol rules of other clients.  That's impossible without their consent. 
member
Activity: 182
Merit: 47
Yes, but how would you know which one is which? A node is a node. You couldn't just say, "I trust those node but not these nodes".

You shouldn't be trusting nodes to begin with.  "Don't trust, verify" is the principle.  Chinese and non-Chinese nodes won't communicate, much like how Bitcoin Cash nodes don't interact with Bitcoin nodes.  They adhere to different protocols.


Yep, and the way you verify a node is the work it performs. If it performs the work, it's a good node. If it doesn't, it's not. That's all the software knows.

Therefore there would be no way of telling what is a "good" node and a "bad" node. They are all just nodes, and it somebody takes over 51% of them, they win.


Really? How?

My friend, I'm honestly starting to wonder if you're trolling or simply lacking basic technical expertise.  Anyone can span a network; that's the essence of decentralization.  You could create "Bitcoin 2.0", and it would work perfectly well.  But, you wouldn't be able to communicate with Bitcoin nodes because you've agreed upon a different set of rules.


Quite the contrary, you continue to demonstrate that you simply don't understand how Bitcoin even works. You continue to reference a central authority that is going to "disagree" with bad nodes that does. not. exist.

Anybody can create a Bitcoin node and join the network. Anybody. Anybody. Not join the "Bitcoin 2.0" network, join the currently operational "Bitcoin 1.0" network.

How do you suppose Bitcoin's current nodes got there in the first place? Did they ask permission of that central authority you keep saying exists somewhere?

No, I'm positing here a situation wherein China or some other central entity inserts nodes into the network amounting to 51% of the hashrate.

And I'm clarifying for another time:  They cannot force us to follow their new rules.  Their authority (in Proof-of-Work) extends only to determining the order of transactions.  If they were to alter the rules, they would no longer be part of the Bitcoin network.  

This would result in a chain split, with Bitcoin holders having two separate "Bitcoin" networks.  While Chinese holders might prefer their Chinese network, they cannot compel the rest of the world to adhere to their lead.  


How would any software, in real time, know they are altering the rules?

And for the umpteenth time here, nodes on a network don't have different-colored skin, do not speak with an accent, do not have a red flag with a star on them, and so on. There is no way of knowing what is a "Chinese" node or an "Iranian" node or whatever country is trying to do this.

Quote

Allow me to illustrate it this way:  If the CCP mandated their miners to enforce a new cap of 21 trillion BTC, the rest of the world would lose all Chinese hashrate, as Chinese miners would be working on a separate network.  


How would the "rest of the world" actually ignore servers they thought were bad? What actual technical mechanism would be employed. Please show me the source code of the algorithm that wallets would employ in order to bypass the "bad" nodes in favor of the "good" nodes.

This is simply not how Bitcoin works. People do not decide for themselves which nodes they will talk to, because if they did, the system would not work.

And this bears repeating because it's crystal clear that Satoshi himself understood the risk of the network very, very well:


"The system is secure as long as honest nodes collectively control more CPU power than any cooperating group of attacker nodes."



sr. member
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Yes, but how would you know which one is which? A node is a node. You couldn't just say, "I trust those node but not these nodes".

You shouldn't be trusting nodes to begin with.  "Don't trust, verify" is the principle.  Chinese and non-Chinese nodes won't communicate, much like how Bitcoin Cash nodes don't interact with Bitcoin nodes.  They adhere to different protocols.

Really? How?

My friend, I'm honestly starting to wonder if you're trolling or simply lacking basic technical expertise.  Anyone can span a network; that's the essence of decentralization.  You could create "Bitcoin 2.0", and it would work perfectly well.  But, you wouldn't be able to communicate with Bitcoin nodes because you've agreed upon a different set of rules.

No, I'm positing here a situation wherein China or some other central entity inserts nodes into the network amounting to 51% of the hashrate.

And I'm clarifying for another time:  They cannot force us to follow their new rules.  Their authority (in Proof-of-Work) extends only to determining the order of transactions.  If they were to alter the rules, they would no longer be part of the Bitcoin network.  This would result in a chain split, with Bitcoin holders having two separate "Bitcoin" networks.  While Chinese holders might prefer their Chinese network, they cannot compel the rest of the world to adhere to their lead.  

Allow me to illustrate it this way:  If the CCP mandated their miners to enforce a new cap of 21 trillion BTC, the rest of the world would lose all Chinese hashrate, as Chinese miners would be working on a separate network.  
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Sure, you may no longer want to buy Bitcoin after China has taken over the network, but there are millions of current holders of Bitcoin who would want to protect their investment. They would be stuck using the Bitcoin network, which will have been taken over by China.

No, there would exist two separate Bitcoin networks: one in China and one outside China.  Bitcoin holders would receive an equivalent amount of bitcoins they hold on the Chinese network.  A comparable event occurred in 2017 with the launch of Bitcoin Cash. Guess what happened: many people exchanged their Bitcoin Cash for Bitcoin, resulting in an increase in their Bitcoin holdings.  


Yes, but how would you know which one is which? A node is a node. You couldn't just say, "I trust those node but not these nodes". There is no notion of known identity in the Bitcoin network, which is the whole point.

Again, you simply don't seem to understand the implications of a decentralized network. There is no "middle". There is no "community" that "decides".

And the situation with Bitcoin Cash was not even remotely comparable.


(By the way, this who thread of conversation presumes one could even know which servers were "evil" and which were not--but in practicality that could be easily obscured by the attacker).

It is completely possible to view which node supports the Chinese rules.  


Really? How? Is every single wallet going to do the mining themselves? And why would you trust that wallet? Remember that in this situation, there would be millions of the "evil" mixed in with the "good". The only way to tell the difference is proof-of-work. Every single wallet, every single node, and every single actor in this situation is going to say they are on the "good" side. This isn't as simple as saying, "everybody will just ignore the bad guys", because there's absolutely no way to tell, in real time, who the bad guys are--and the software doesn't have any sort of notion of "opinions" in it in any case.

But not running "their" software is akin to throwing your Bitcoin away. Your blocks would be worthless. (And again, how would any individual know who "they" are in real-time?)

So, you're also relying on the assumption that all of the hashrate is owned by China. Cheesy  Do you know that the Chinese government can't force miners outside its borders to cease operations?  


No, I'm positing here a situation wherein China or some other central entity inserts nodes into the network amounting to 51% of the hashrate. China (and probably about 10 other countries across the world) have plenty of money and computing power to do it.

And of course the assumption here would be that they would distribute their attack, e.g. coordinate servers in many countries, or even take over servers.

You keep assuming that the network "just knows" what the "right thing" is. That's not how it works. Bitcoin is an algorithm and nothing else. And if it were anything else, it would be... centralized!
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