Topic: List of all cryptocoins - page 14. (Read 833145 times)

Done.  :-)

Can you add bacoin?

https://bitcointalksearch.org/topic/ann-bacoin-bacon-coin-bcn-first-bacon-backed-crypto-currency-656143

Here's a list of 820 cryptocurrencies.  Most are dead, some were scams, and some of them are even still alive.  Of the dead ones, some died for lack of interest, some due to dev abandonment, some because of cease and desist orders about trademarks, and some because the operators never intended to keep them going after the pump-n-dump.  

I think maybe the initial post in this topic ought to be updated.

In several cases, several different cryptocurrencies have traded under the same symbol at different times.  In several other cases, several different cryptocurrencies having exactly the same name have been released by different people.  

2chcoin (2ch), 365coin (365), 42 coin (42), 66coin (66), 8coin (?), 99cents (?), Acros (ACRO), Aerocoin (?) IPO SCAM,
Aiden (ADN), Aimcoin (AIM), Aircoin (AIR), Alcohoin (ALC), Alicoin (ALI), Aliencoin (ALN), AllAgescoin (?), Allahcoin
(?), Alphacoin (ALF), AlphaOmegacoin (AOC), Altrocoin (?), Americancoin (AMC), Americoin (?), Aminacoin (?), aminacoin
(?), AmKoin (AMK), Androidtoken (ADT), Animecoin (ANI), Anoncoin (ANC), Apecoin (APE), Aphroditecoin (APH), Appcoin
(APP), AppleByte (ABY), Applecoin (APC), Argentum (ARG), Arkhash (ARK), Armoredcoin (), Asiacoin (AC), Asiccoin (ASC),
Astrocoin (ASR), Auroracoin (AUR), Australiacoin (AUS), Babycoin (BBC), Bacoin(?) BaconBitscoin (YUM), Badcoin (BAD), Badgercoin
(BDG), Bankcoin (BANK), Banknote (BN), Basecoin (?), Batcoin (BAT), Battlecoin (BCX), BBQcoin (BQC), Beaocoin (BEC),
Beatlecoin (BEA), Beecoin (BEE), Beercoin (BEER), Belicoin (BELI), Bellacoin (BELA), Bellscoin (BEL), Benjamins (BEN),
Bestcoin (BSC), Betacoin (BET), Billaume (BLL), Billioncoin (BIL), Binarycoin (BIC), Birdcoin (BRD), BitBar (BTB),
Bitcoin2.0 (?), Bitcoin2 (BTC2), Bitcoin3.0 (?), Bitcoin (BTC), Bitcoin Plus (XBC), BitcoinScrypt (BTCS), Bitcoin (XBC),
Bitcredits (?), Bitecoin (?), Bitgem (BTG), Bitgold (?), Bitinium (BTN), Bitland (?), Bitleu (BTL), Bitpeso (BTP),
Bitpug (?), BitQuark (BTQ), BitRaam (BRM), BitShares-PTS (PTS), Bitstar (BITS), Blackcoin (BC), BlackDragoncoin (BDC),
Bladecoin (BLA), BlakeBitcoin (BBTC), Blakecoin (BLC), Blitzcoin (BLTZ), Blobbycoin (?), Bluecoin (BLU), Bones (BONES),
Bonuscoin (BNS), Boomcoin (BMC), Boostcoin (BOST), Boringcoin (?), Bosscoin (BOS), Bottlecaps (CAP), Bountycoin (BOC),
Boxxycoin (BOXX), Boycoin (BOY), Brokebackmountaincoin (?), BTCtalkcoin (BCC), Bumbacoin (CLOT), Bunnycoin (BUN),
Burbucoin (BUR), Burnercoin (BURN), Butterflycoin (BFC), Bytecoin (BTE), Cachecoin (CACH), Cagecoin (CAGE), CaiShen
(CAIX), CAIx (CAIX*), Canada ecoin (CDN), Cancercurecoin (CCC), Cannacoin (CCN), Carboncoin (CARB), CarpeDiemcoin
(DIEM), Cashcoin (CASH), Casinocoin (CSC), Cataloniacoin (CATC), Catcoin (CAT), Catedoge (?), CGAnomaly (CGA), CGBullion
(CGB), Chaincoin (?), Championcoin (?), Chancecoin (CHA*), Charitycoin (CHA), Chicoin (CHI), CHNcoin (CNC), Chococoin
(CCC), Choomcoin (?), Chuckcoin (?), Cinni (CINNI), Citizencoin (CTZ), Cleanwatercoin (WATER), Cloakcoin (CLOAK),
Clockcoin (?), Clockwisecoin (?), Cloudcoin (CDC), Cnote (CNOTE), Coffeecoin (CFC), coin2.0 (NC2), coin2.1 (C2), coin2
(C2), Coin (COIN), Coincoin (CC), Coino (CON), Coinyecoin (), Colbertcoin (CC), Collegecoin (?), Colossuscoin (COL),
Cometcoin (?), Communitycoin (COMM), Communitycoin (CTC), Compasscoin (CPC), Conspiracycoin (CYC), Continuumcoin (CTM),
Coolcoin (COOL), Cooperationcoin (COOP), CopperBars (CPR), Copperlark (CLR), Copycoin (COPY), Corgicoin (CORG),
Cornerstonecoin (CCX), Cosmoscoin (CMC), Counterparty (XCP), Craftcoin (CRC), Crapcoin (CRAP), Crapplecoin (?), Credits
(CR), Credits (CRD), Creds (XXC), Cross Generation coin (XGC), CRTcoin (CRT), Cryptcoin (CRY), CryptoApples (CRA),
Cryptobits (CYB), CryptoBuck (BUK), Cryptoeagle (CREA), CryptoEscudo (CESC), Cryptogenic Bullion (CGB), Cryptographic
Anomaly (CGA), CryptoLoot (LOOT), CryptoMETH (METH), Cryptonium (CRN), CryptoStuds (?), Cthulhucoin (OFF), Cubits (QBT),
Cuntcoin (MUFF), Curecoin (CURE), Cyclecoin (CCC), Cypherfunk (FUNK), Damacoin (DMC), Darkcoin (DRK), Datacoin (DTC),
DCom (DCM), Deletecoin (DEL), Denarius (DRS), Detacoin (?), Deutsche eMark (DEM), Devcoin (DVC), Diamond (DMD), DigiByte
(DGB), Digitalcoin (DGC), Digital Commerce (DCM), Digit (DIG), Dimecoin (DIME), Dirac (XDQ), Dishercoin (?), DistroBlitz
(DB), Distrocoin (DIS), DNotes (NOTE), Dobbscoin (BOB), Dodocoin (DDC), Dogecoin (DOGE), Doggcoin (), Dollarpounds
(DPZ), Domecoin (DOME), Donationcoin (DON), Dopecoin (DOPE), Doubloons (DBL), Dougcoin (DOUG), Dragoncoin (DNC),
Dreamcoin (DRM), Dubstepcoin (WUBS), DuckDuckcoin (DUCK), Duckiecoin (?), Dvorakoin (DVK), Eaglecoin (EGC), Earthcoin
(EAC), EBTcoin (EBT), ECcoin (ECC), Ecocoin (ECO), E-currency (ISO), EdisonX3 (?), Educoin (EDU), E-Gold (?),
Einsteinium (EMC2), Ekrona (KRN), Elacoin (ELC), Electriccoin (VOLT), Electron (ELT), Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT),
Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT), Electronic Gulden (EFL), Elephantcoin (ELP), eMark (DEM), Embargocoin (EBG), Emerald
(EMD), Emoticoin (EMO), Emucoin (EMU), Energycoin (ENRG), Entropycoin (ENC), Eoncoin (EON), Equestrianbit (EQB),
Ermahgerdcern (EMG), Eternalcoin (?), eToken (ETOK), Eurocoin (?), Execoin (EXE), Exilecoin (EXN), Extremecoin (EXC),
EZcoin (EZC), FAILcoin (FAIL), Faircoin (FAC), FairQuark (FRQ), Fantomcoin (FCN), Fastcoin (FST), FastoinSHA (FSS), Fck
Banks coin (FCK), Feathercoin (FTC), Fedoracoin (TIPS), Fellatiocoin (BLO), Ferengicoin (FER), Ferretcoin (?), Firecoin
(?), Fireflycoin (FFC), Fitcoin (FIT), Flappycoin (FLAP), Floridacoin (FLC), Floridacoin (FLC, (which it shares with
Fluttercoin) ), Florincoin (FLO), Floripacoin (FLN), Fluttercoin (FLT), Forexcoin (FRX), Fourchan (?), FourtyTwocoin
(42), Foxcoin (FOX), Fractalcoin (FRAC), Fragcoin (FRAG), Franko (FRK), Fraudcoin (?), Freedomcoin (FDC), Freicoin
(FRC), Frictionlesscoin (FLC), Friendshipcoin (FSC), Frozen (FZ), Frycoin (FRY), Fuelcoin (FUEL), Furrycoin (FUR),
Gaelcoin (GAC), Galaxycoin (GLX), Galleon (GLN), Galtcoin (GLT), Gamecoin (GME), Gamerscoin (GMC), Gasolinecoin (DZL),
Gatescoin (GTC), Gaycoin (GAY), Genecoin (?), Genesiscoin (GNS), Geocoins (GEO), Germanycoin (GER), Ghostcoin (GHC),
Giarcoin (GIAR), Giftcoin (GFT), Gil (GIL), Girlcoin (GIRL), Givecoin (GIVE), GlobalBoost (BST), Globalcoin (GLC),
Global Denomination (GDN), Globecoin (GLOBE), Globe (GLB), Glyphcoin (GLYPH), Goatcoin (GOAT), Gold Bars (?), Goldcoin
(GLD), Gold Pressed Latinum (GPL), Gollumcoin (GLM), Goodcoin (GOOD), Goxcoin (GOX), GPUcoin (GPUC), Grain (GRA),
Grandcoin (GDC), Granitecoin (GRN), Graphene (GRP), Gravycoin (?), Greececoin (GRCE), Greekcoin (GRK), Greencoin (GRE),
Gridcoin (GRC), Groestlcoin (GRS), Growthcoin (GRW), Grumpycoin (GRUMP), Guldencoin (NLG), Guncoin (GUN), H2Ocoin (H20),
HackerNewscoin (?), Happycoin (HPC), Harmonycoin (HMY), Hashcoin (HASH), Hawaiicoin (HIC), Heavycoin (HVC), Heisenberg
(HEX), Helixcoin (HXC), Hellcoin (HLC), Herncoin (?), HighFivecoin (H5C), Hirocoin (HIRO), Hobbitcoin (HBC), HoboNickels
(HBN), HongKetocoin (HKC), HongKongcoin (HKC), Honorcoin (XHC), Horsecoin (HORS), Hotcoin (HOT), HTMLcoin (HTML),
Huatecoin (HUC), Huitong (HTC), Huntercoin (HUC), Huskycoin (HC), Hypercoin (HYC), Hypercoin (HYPER), I0coin (I0C),
icoin (ICN), Imperial coin (IPC), Incacoin (NKA), Incakoin (NKA), Infinitecoin (IFC), Informationcoin (ITC), Inkcoin
(INK), Insanitycoin (WOLF), Instapay (IPC) An IPO scam., Inven (?), Ishacoin (?), Isracoin (ISR), Italycoin (ITC),
IXcoin (IXC), Jackpotcoin (JPC), Jasoncoin (?), Jennycoin (JNY), Jerkcoin (?), Jerkycoin (JKY), Jesuscoin (JJC),
Jesuscoin (GOD), Jezuscoin (?), Joecoin (?), Joulecoin (XJO), Junkcoin (JKC), Junnoncoin (JNC), Kakacoin (KKC),
Karmacoin (KARM), Karpcoin (KARP), Karpelescoin (KAR), Kashmircoin (KSC), Keisercoin (?), Khalsacoin (?), Kiffercoin
(?), Killercoin (KILR), Kimcoin (), Kimdotcoin (), Kingcoin (), Kittehcoin (MEOW), Klingon Empire Darsek (KED),
Klondikecoin (KDC), Koindashian (KOIN), Krugercoin (KGC), Krugmancoin (?), Kryptkoin (KTK), Kudos (KDS), Kumacoin
(KUMA), Kushcoin (KHC), Latinumcoin (LAT), Leadcoin (LDC), Leafcoin (LEAF), Leaguecoin (LOL), Lebowskis (LBW),
Legendarycoin (LGD), Legitcoin (?), Lemoncoin (LMC), Leprocoin (LPC), Levelcoin (?), Libertycoin(XLB), Lightvelocitycoin
(LVC), Limecoin (LIM), LimecoinLite (LCL), Limecoins (LC), LimecoinX (LIMX), Liquidcoin (?), Litebar (LTB), Litecoin
(LTC), LitecoinPlus (XLC), LitecoinX (LTCX), Livecoin (LVC), Logicoin (LGC), Lolcoin (LOL), Lottery Tickets (TIX),
Lottocoin (LOT), Lovecoin (LOVE), Lucky7coin (LK7), Luckycoin (LKY), Lycancoin (LYC), Machinecoin (MAC), Magiccoin
(MAGIC), Magicoin (MGC), MaidSafecoin (MAID), Makicoin (MAKI), Malecoin (?), Mammothcoin (MAMM), Maplecoin (MPL),
Marinecoin (MTC), Mariocoin (?), Marscoin (MRS), Marucoin (MARU), Mastercoin (MSC), Mastercoin (MST), Mastiffcoin
(MAST), Maxcoin (MAX), Mazacoin (MZC), Mediacoin (?), Mediterraneancoin (MED), Megacoin (MEC), Megcoin (MEG), Melange
(SPICE), Memecoin (MEM), Memorycoin (MMC), Metiscoin (?), microcoin (MRC), Milancoin (MLC), Millionairecoin (MIL),
Mincoin (MNC), Minerals (MIN), Mintcoin (MINT), Mjollnircoin (MNR), Mmjcoin (?), MMXIV (MMXIV), Molecule (MOL), Monacoin
(MONA), Monero (XMR), Moneyenom (MYM), Monocle (MON), Mooncoin (MOON), Motocoin (MOTO), Mousecoin () A Malware scam -
client contained wallet stealer., MtGoxcoin (GOX), Mugatucoin (MUGA), Muniti (MUN), Murraycoin (MRY), Mutcoin (MUT),
Myriadcoin (MYR), Naanayam (NYM), Nakacoin (NKC), Namecoin (NMC), Nanotoken (NAN), Nas (NAS), Nautiluscoin (NAUT),
Nbcoin (NBC), Neocoin (NEC), Neoncoin (?) An IPO scam, Nerdcoin (NERD), Netcoin (NET), Networkcoin (NWC), Neutrino
(NTR), NewStatesmancoin (?), NewYorkcoin (NYC), Nexuscoin (?), Niuecoin (?), Noblecoin (NOBL), Noirbits (NRB),
NoirShares (NRS), Noodlyappendagecoin (NDL), Novacoin (NVC), Nucoin (NUC), Nutcoin (NUT), NXO (NXO) Fork of NXT, NXR
(NXR) Fork of NXT, Nxt (NXT), Nyancoin (NYAN), Nybble (NBL), Obama_bin_lotterycoin (?), Obamacoin (?), Ocoin (OSC),
Octocoin (888), Oilcoin (OIL), Olympiccoin (OLY), Omnicoin (OMC), Onecoin (ONC), Onioncoin (ONI), Onlinegamingcoin
(OGC), OpenSourcecoin (OSC), Orangecoin (OC), Orbitcoin (ORB), Orcacoin (ORCA), Oreocoin (OREO), Orobit (ORO), Paccoin
(PAC), Pandacoin (PANDA), Pandacoin (PAND), Pandacoin (PND), Pangucoin (PGC), Parallaxcoin (PLX), Particle (PRT),
Patriotcoin (USA), Pawncoin (PAWN), Paycoin (PYC), Peacecoin (PEC), Peercoin (PPC), Penguincoin (PENG), Pennies (?),
Peoplecoin (PPL), Pesetacoin (PTC), PetroDollar (PD), Phicoin (PHI), Philosopher Stones (PHS), Phoenixcoin (PXC),
Photoncoin (PHO), Photon (PHO), Picoin (?), Pieces (?), Piggycoin (PIG), Piggycoin (PIGGY), Pikacoin (PIKA), Piniumcoin
(PNC), Pinkcoin (PC), Piratecoin (PIR), Pixelcoin (PXL), Platinum Bars (?), Platinum (PT), Playtoken (PLT), PLNcoin
(PLN), Pokercoin (POK), Polcoin (PLC), Polishcoin (?), Polycoin (?), Popcoin (POP), Populacecoin (POC), Popularcoin
(POP), Potcoin (POT), Poundcoin (PUK), Powercoin (POW), Powercoin (PWC), Premine (PMC), Primcoin (?), Primecoin (XPM),
Procoin (PCN), Prospercoin (PRC), ProtoShares (PTS), Pwnycoin (PWNY), Pxlcoin (PXL), QQcoin (QQC), Quackcoin (?),
Quarkbar (QB), Quark (QRK), Quazarcoin (QCN), Qubit (Q2C), Quebecoin (QBC), Quick Quick coin (QQC), Quora (QUORA),
Rabbitcoin (RBBT), Radioactivecoin (RAD), Rainbowcoin (LGBT), Rainbowgoldcoin (RAIN), Rapidcoin (RPD), Rastacoin (RTC),
Ratcoin (RATC), Realcoin (REC), Redcoin (RED), Reddcoin (RDD), Ricecoin (?), Richcoin (RCH), Riecoin (RIC), Rightcoin
(RTC), Ringo (RIN), Ripple (XRP), Risecoin (?), Rocketcoin (ROC), RonPaulcoin (RPC), Rosecoin (?), Rotocoin (RT2),
Royalcoin (RYC), Rubycoin (RBY), Rubycoin (RUBY), Rupaycoin (RUP), Saffroncoin (SFR), Sailcoin (?), sambacoin (SMB),
Sapphirecoin (SPH), Saturncoin (SAT), Savecoin (SPC), Savingcoin (SAV), Saw (SAW), Scamcoin (SCC), Scoin (SCO), Scotcoin
(SCOT), Scotcoin (SCT), Secondscoin (?), Securecoin (SRC), Seedcoin (SDC), Serracoin (SRR), Sexcoin (SXC), Sha1coin
(SHA), SHAcoin (SHA), Sharecoin (SHARE), Shares (?) Apparently a pure IPO scam., Sherlockcoin (SHC), Shibecoin (SHIBE),
Shillingcoin (?), Shopcoin (SHOP), SiliconValleycoin (XSV), Silkcoin (SC), Silkcoin (SILK), Silver bars (?), Silvercoin
(SRC, before Securecoin had it), Silvioberluscoin (?), Skeincoin (SKC), Skycoin (SKY) This is the second "skycoin" to be
launched., Skycoin (SYC) This is one of at least 3 different "skycoin" that have been launched., Skynet-coin (SNC) This
was initially launched with the name "skycoin" (the third coin by that name), Slendercoin (SNC), Slothcoin (SLOTH),
Smartcoin (SMC), SnakeXcoin (SNCX), Snowcoin (SNC), Soapbar (SOAP), Sochicoin (SOCHI), Socialcoin (SOC), Solarcoin
(SLR), Solcoin (SOL), Spaincoin (SPA), Speedcoin (SPC), Spirecoin (), Spodermancoin (SDM), Spots (SPT), Sprout (?),
StabilityShares (XSI), Stablecoin (SBC), Stackedcoin (?), Stacycoin (?), Stalwartbucks (SBX), Starcoin (STR), Startcoin
(START), StarvingArtistcoin (?), STLcoin (STL), Stockcoin (STC), Stop (?) A fork of NXT, Storagecoin (?), Stories (STY),
Streamcoin (STRC), Summercoin (SUM), SummercoinV2 (SUM2), Suncoin (SUN), Supercalifragilisticexpialidociouscoin (?),
Supercoin (SUPER), Superherocoin (?), Surgecoin (SRG), Swagcoin (SWAG), Swisscoin (?), Switchcoin (SWITCH), Syncoin
(SYN), Sync (SYNC), Tacocoin (TCO), Tagcoin (TAG), Takcoin (TAK), Teacoin (TEA), Tekcoin (TEK), Tenebrix (?), TenFive
coin (10-5), Terracoin (TRC), Teslacoin (TES), Thaicoin (?), Thcoin (THC), Thebotcoin (TBN), Thecoin (?) Thecoin was
malware; the wallet contained a keyboard recorder,, TheSmurfscoin (TSC), Thorcoin (THOR), Thundercoin (?), Tickets
(TIX), Tigercoin (TGC), Timekoin (TK), Titanium (TTN), Tittiecoin (TTC), Tokecoin (?), Tomatocoin (?), TomScottcoin (?),
Topcoin (TOP), Torrentcoin (TC), Tracecoin (?), Tradercoin (TDC) Tradercoin was malware. It contained a
keylogger., Traincoin (XTN)0, Trollcoin (TRL), Troptions (?), Turbocoin (XTP), UFOcoin (UFO), Ultimatecoin (ULT),
Ultracoin (UTC), Unbreakablecoin (UNB), Unioncoin (UNC), Unitecoin (UNI), United Federation Credits (UFC),
Unitedscryptcoin (USC), Unitycoin (UNT), Universitycoin (UVC), Unobtanium (UNO), Urocoin (URO), USDe (USDE), Vadercoin
(VADR), Valuecoin (VLC), Vampirecoin (VMP), Vanillacoin (?), Vcoin (?), Vegascoin (VGC), Velocitycoin (VEL),
Vendettacoin (VAC), Vericoin (VRC), Verncoin (VRN), Verocoin (VRO) An IPO scam., Version (C), Version (V), Vertcoin
(VTC), Virtualminingcoin (VMC), Viruscoin (?), Visacoin (VISA) Another IPO scam.  This one was also up for a
cease-and-desist order due to its name., Visncoin (VISN) Another IPO scam., Vodkacoin (?), Vootcoin (VOOT), Votecoin
(?), WeAreSatoshi (WAS), Webcoin (WEB), Wecoin (WEC), Whitecoin (WC), Wikicoin (WIKI), WildWestcoin (WEST), Wincoin
(WIN), Wolongcoin (WOL), Worldcoin (WDC), Wpcoin (WPC), Xcoin (XCO), XC (XC), Xedoscoin (XDC), Xencoin (XNC), Xivra
(XIV), XXLcoin (XXL), YACcoin (YACC), Yacoin (YAC), Yamashitacoin (YMC), Yangcoin (YANG), Ybcoin (YBC), Yellowcoin (YC),
Yincoin (YIN), YinYuancoin (YYC), Yuan Bao (YBC), Yuan Bao (YBC), Zccoin (ZCC), Zcoin (?), Zedcoin (ZED),
Zeitcoin (ZEIT), Zenithcoin (ZTC), Zetacoin (ZET), Zeuscoin (ZEU), Zimstake (ZS), Zodiaccoin (ZOD), Zombiecoin (ZMB),
Zurcoin (ZUR)

Hi,

we are running the site www.crypto-coins-table.com

- 730 coins indexed so far (17th June 2014)
- providing detailed charts on pricing and volume
- capitalisation listing
- top and flop coins
- many filters to analyse

personalized features
- create individual watchlists
- track your coins value and compare

@all coin owners: To provide the full and uptodate information
on your coin, please use the update function.

Thanks, the coin-table team

I try to keep it as classy as possible at all times! Welcome to the Altcoin section!

Quote of the day " I will pee in your eyes" Well played Sir.

Fuck y'alls stupid pump n dumps of the week.

I'll pee in your eyes!

More specifically this is a list of all cryptocoins around
5th January, 2014

Try the http://mapofcoins.com/
Under non Bitcoin Forks for NXT

Where is the list of "all cryptocoins" ?

Am I missing something here?

Specifically, I am interested in "copies" of NXT

Holy cow

It is easy to get lost in the world of crypto now xD

what a useless and extreme outdated list, ouch

Useful thread to be up to date with this ever changing alt market.

I'm assuming you mean that you're afraid of buying coins because they get pump/dumped constantly in cycles. That's not really a scam but I get your point. It is a risky investment, kind of like BTC was in 2013 and before.

Thanks for the time you have put into this list, very useful.

How u think u can get scammed by dealing with ALTS?
Can you give an argument for this hypothese?
I always deal with ALTS and never ever have been scammed just yet.

https://mon.vertcoin.org/ that is look nice

If you want to see a more recent list check map of coins
Think this hasn't been updated since Janurary
THE ORIGINAL CRYPTOCOIN LIST [version 5th January, 2014]

http://mapofcoins.com/

Be afraid Be very afraid its a lot of coins

Great Website, Will be having Syscoin added to the database once we get the greenlight on dates etc. Bookmarked for future reference.

Scammed out of what, exactly?  Honest question..

I stiil dont have enough courage to start dealing with Alt coins. Afraid of being scammed.