For about 6 weeks I ran a large rack of miners in what used to be an attached garage. On the East wall there are large windows I left open and on the west wall is where I had the rack and the miners pointed at the open door. The temperatures were not -20 but we were certainly below freezing many days and nights off and on for weeks. I did not have a need to run the furnace because I had strategically placed miners around the home but this was the largest concentration in the attached garage. Even when it was below freezing it would be so hot in the attached garage that I couldn't sleep in there and I can fall asleep anywhere. Once I placed an exhaust fan by the west door sucking-blowing out. To me it was perfect and I could fall asleep if I was working out there.
(It is not uncommon for me to stay awake too much and only get a couple of hours sleep for a few days and then crash anywhere I land at home.)
The miners did need a good cleaning and I broke them all down as far as possible and with a vacuum and low pressure, dry, clean, compressed air they were spotless. There was not any damage. I've seen pictures in the SP20 thread of weather damage. If you want to see some thermal damage roll through that thread. People who had the miner sitting outside their window with just the exhaust sticking inside for the heat.
I live in a humid area. It isn't extremely humid, but it certainly isn't as dry as some places. I live kind of in the same part of the world as sidehack and novac so maybe they could chime in on the humidity %, and it is a bit dryer in the winter here, but I'm certainly not going to claim it is very dry, probably average for most of the Midwest USA.
I know there were some obscene temperature changes because right beside this door where the exhaust went is an open door to the rest of the house and heat poured in from the other miners. It was so hot you could break a sweat if I didn't open the windows sometimes.
There is a difference between -20 c and - 10 c and most nights in the winter are probably average between 4 c to -6 c
Even though it was technically inside a home there was always a great breeze of cross air in the room. Some nights working out there I regulated the temperature by opening or closing a window. I certainly had temperature swings from day to night. We have huge swings here where you can see 20 to 0 c between day and night.
I wasn't lucky. I cleaned the miners and I continue to do so.
Take one down, pass it around, wash, and repeat. Be meticulous with any buildup.
The exact same miners are running today in a different part of the home and have a filter setup. They are running great and I have added more miners, but the filters did a fantastic job and I clean about half as often. For your outdoor project I would use a fine thin layer mesh and a true filter. Don't restrict the flow much. I would also use double fans. By this I mean I would use the ones on the miner and have another at the exhaust to your structure which is strong enough to continue pulling air across the hashing boards just in case something happened to the other fan(s). I would never let them run fanless due to hotspots. This is the mistake many people make when performing sub zero and N2 experiments. Hit up overclockers.net for some subzero tips if you want, but it is pretty straightforward at this temperature.
AS long as you keep the air flowing and do not allow water to reach the miner I think you will be fine. This is around February and early march of this year and if I were you I would go for it.
As someone advised, run yourself a little test with one miner for a week and check her out. Do a deep checking and completely pull her down. Take a magnifying glass and patiently look at all components paying close attention to the area around the inlet and outlet. If it is even close to as dry as you describe I do not see why you will have issues. People in Michigan, New Hampshire, North Dakota, etc see temps of -20 c easy every year so I do not understand why -20 is exciting so many folks. After all, it is the humidity that is the killer.
Look at the previous years average. What does the temp range do when the sun comes up? Does it stay at -20 or does it blast to +10 in 30 minutes? That can be a reason for concern but otherwise you are good.
Document everything! Take pictures! I didn't and I kick myself for it. If it wasn't so much work I would set it up this way just to take pics, but I have a different plan for this winter. I am going to use the existing ductwork in my home being fed by all the miners in one room. The duct will handle it no problem. I will take pictures