The Bible does advise many things that would keep us from getting diseases (such as not eating raw meat, sex within marriage as to reduce STDs and so on. Many of the Kosher laws he gave the Israelites did protect them from these things)
But, again, all those things we have already known about. It wasn't god who set up those traditions and customs, it was the tribes, who wrote them down on the old testament. They were all things that were somewhat obvious and self-edivent: you eat this thing and get sick often enough, you learn that i's not a good idea to eat it. Since god is all knowing, it would have been trivially easy for him to tell us something completely unexpected and world-changing. But he didn't.
Have you read the book of Job in the Bible? That book gives great insight into God's purpose when it comes to pain and suffering. Perhaps we are being allowed to be tempted and see how great our faith is?
Yes, I have. Basically it's like being a parent to a child who loves you very much, and then when someone challenges you by telling you your kid doesn't actually love you, you decide to prove it to them by allowing them to torture the hell out of your kid, while you just stand there and watch smugly. I think it's a perfect example of why god is a sadistic and self-important bastard. No way in hell would I allow someone I care about be tortured just to prove a point about how much they like me in return.
And where does all of the suffering pain and sickness come from? Why doesn't Satan get any credit for His part? Why is God to blame for what is Satan's doing?
Because God created Satan, Satan is God's child and his responsibility, and God could supposedly stop Satan with nothing but a thought, yet he refuses to do so, just so that Satan can continue to teach us a lesson in god's stead. It's as if Satan is doing all the work, and god just sits back and asks us to love him.