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Topic: Thorium power, how is it going in the US? (Read 11224 times)

legendary
Activity: 1708
Merit: 1007
November 30, 2012, 02:55:41 PM
The thorium is secretly burned in small 'research' reactors to produce unregistered uranium for the doomsday machine. Cheesy
Except you can't make a bomb from U233.

You can, it's just much more difficult than doing the same thing with plutonium, for several technical reasons.  Not the least of which is that U233 has a quantum "delay" from the time it absorbs an energetic free neutron to the time it actually splits, and that delay can vary within a known time period.  It's very short, but it adds a variable that 'traditional' nuclear fuels do not.  This delay is not an issue in a reactor, because the goal is to not produce a cascading reaction that expands at a logarithimic rate, power reactors just need to keep the reaction between the navigational beacons.  The difficulty in making a weapon, combined with it's relative ease of making it into fuel components, plus it's relative abundance all make it an ideal nuclear fuel for peaceful power.  Add to that, the gamma signature of U233 can be detected & triangulated from orbit, and a U233 weapon is extremely impractical.
legendary
Activity: 1400
Merit: 1009
November 30, 2012, 11:10:55 AM
However, a doomsday device needn't be airborne or safe to handle, it just needs to be BIG so it pollutes the atmosphere a lot, and maybe even cracks the Earth's crust. Btw I'm just kidding, guys. I know nothing! Wink
All joking aside, at a minimum it needs to be safe enough that the people building it don't die of radiation poisoning prior to completing it.
OK, so you can make a bomb from it, just not a practical one.
Yes. Anyone who has the ability to overcome the technical challenges involved in making a U233 weapon would never do it - if they are that advanced there's no reason for them to bother with U233 when far easier materials exist.
hero member
Activity: 532
Merit: 500
FIAT LIBERTAS RVAT CAELVM
November 30, 2012, 11:07:03 AM
OK, so you can make a bomb from it, just not a practical one.
legendary
Activity: 1400
Merit: 1009
November 30, 2012, 10:55:56 AM
The thorium is secretly burned in small 'research' reactors to produce unregistered uranium for the doomsday machine. Cheesy
Except you can't make a bomb from U233.
This isn't true. You can make a bomb from U233 (the US detonated one once) but it's far more difficult, expensive and unreliable than making it from U-235 or plutonium.

The problem is U232 contamination, which causes it to be highly radioactive. You can machine plutonium in relative safety as long as you're careful to collect the dust so nobody inhales it. You need several inches of lead between you and a mass of U233. The hard gamma radiation a critical mass of U233 emits also isn't very good for sensitive electronics, especially the kinds that you need in aircraft or missiles. It's this difficulty in handling that makes U233 impractical for weapons.

In a LFTR the radiation isn't a problem. Nobody ever has to handle the U233 - it just gets pumped from between several stationary tanks which are easily shielded.
hero member
Activity: 532
Merit: 500
FIAT LIBERTAS RVAT CAELVM
November 30, 2012, 10:38:45 AM
The thorium is secretly burned in small 'research' reactors to produce unregistered uranium for the doomsday machine. Cheesy
Except you can't make a bomb from U233.
legendary
Activity: 1708
Merit: 1007
November 30, 2012, 02:00:12 AM
It get's even better, those mines who get rare earths for the newest electronics produce alot of thorium "waste".
I dunno what's done with it...

In the US, piled up and left. In China, barreled up and sent to storage facilities for their future fuel needs. They're building thorium reactors.

Correct.  In the US, it mostly just sits in piles of yellow ore near where the mining has occured, and never moves unless the EPA makes them.  Thorium has a near zero market value, due to the fact that it's 1) a heavy metal so it's chemically toxic to humans in the same way lead is and 2) it's mildly radioactive, and thus is banned from being used as an input for any manufacturing that doesn't specificly require it.
legendary
Activity: 1708
Merit: 1007
November 30, 2012, 01:56:23 AM
Thorium is almost three times more abundant than uranium, approximately as common as lead.

That's actually a lot of thorium.

Fuck this, when I get money I'm getting a Thorium power company set up >_<

Beyond that; only Uranium 235 is usable as fuel without first transmutating it into plutonium.  U235 is only about 2% of all uranium by weight, or less.  Which is why uranium must be 'refined' in a complex and hazardous process.  Conversely, none of natural thorium is fissile, but 99.9% of it is readily transmutable into uranium 233, which is fissile.  So while natural uranium must be refined in order to extract that 2% of U235, pretty much every ounce of thorium can be treated and used in the same manner, without worrying about it's isotope concentrations.
legendary
Activity: 1540
Merit: 1000
November 30, 2012, 01:47:17 AM
Thorium is almost three times more abundant than uranium, approximately as common as lead.

That's actually a lot of thorium.

Fuck this, when I get money I'm getting a Thorium power company set up >_<
newbie
Activity: 56
Merit: 0
November 29, 2012, 04:21:59 PM
We won't run out of it any time soon. The earth's crust is estimated to contain over a trillion tons of thorium, where each ton is capable of producing a gigawatt-year of energy when burned in a LFTR. Compare this to the number of tons of coal a 1 GW power plant needs to consume in a year.
In fact, if you collected the ashes from a 1 GW coal power plant produced in the course of a year you'd find 13 tons of thorium.

In other words the usable energy content of coal is 93% nuclear and 7% chemical and right now we're completely ignoring the nuclear energy.

WAAAAAT.


GIIIGAAA-WAAAAAT

MEGA GYGA TERA WAAT!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pDVORKo8rYs
hero member
Activity: 532
Merit: 500
FIAT LIBERTAS RVAT CAELVM
November 29, 2012, 03:44:16 PM
It get's even better, those mines who get rare earths for the newest electronics produce alot of thorium "waste".
I dunno what's done with it...

In the US, piled up and left. In China, barreled up and sent to storage facilities for their future fuel needs. They're building thorium reactors.
legendary
Activity: 1666
Merit: 1057
Marketing manager - GO MP
November 29, 2012, 03:39:36 PM
It get's even better, those mines who get rare earths for the newest electronics produce alot of thorium "waste".
I dunno what's done with it...

legendary
Activity: 2436
Merit: 2119
1RichyTrEwPYjZSeAYxeiFBNnKC9UjC5k
November 29, 2012, 10:46:01 AM
We won't run out of it any time soon. The earth's crust is estimated to contain over a trillion tons of thorium, where each ton is capable of producing a gigawatt-year of energy when burned in a LFTR. Compare this to the number of tons of coal a 1 GW power plant needs to consume in a year.
In fact, if you collected the ashes from a 1 GW coal power plant produced in the course of a year you'd find 13 tons of thorium.

In other words the usable energy content of coal is 93% nuclear and 7% chemical and right now we're completely ignoring the nuclear energy.

WAAAAAT.


GIIIGAAA-WAAAAAT
legendary
Activity: 1078
Merit: 1002
November 29, 2012, 06:45:54 AM
We won't run out of it any time soon. The earth's crust is estimated to contain over a trillion tons of thorium, where each ton is capable of producing a gigawatt-year of energy when burned in a LFTR. Compare this to the number of tons of coal a 1 GW power plant needs to consume in a year.
In fact, if you collected the ashes from a 1 GW coal power plant produced in the course of a year you'd find 13 tons of thorium.

In other words the usable energy content of coal is 93% nuclear and 7% chemical and right now we're completely ignoring the nuclear energy.

 Shocked

FU psychopath politicians and the military industrial complex!
hero member
Activity: 532
Merit: 500
FIAT LIBERTAS RVAT CAELVM
November 29, 2012, 03:07:04 AM
We won't run out of it any time soon. The earth's crust is estimated to contain over a trillion tons of thorium, where each ton is capable of producing a gigawatt-year of energy when burned in a LFTR. Compare this to the number of tons of coal a 1 GW power plant needs to consume in a year.
In fact, if you collected the ashes from a 1 GW coal power plant produced in the course of a year you'd find 13 tons of thorium.

In other words the usable energy content of coal is 93% nuclear and 7% chemical and right now we're completely ignoring the nuclear energy.

WAAAAAT.
He's not just blowing smoke:
http://www.ornl.gov/info/ornlreview/rev26-34/text/colside1.html
newbie
Activity: 56
Merit: 0
November 28, 2012, 10:01:03 PM
We won't run out of it any time soon. The earth's crust is estimated to contain over a trillion tons of thorium, where each ton is capable of producing a gigawatt-year of energy when burned in a LFTR. Compare this to the number of tons of coal a 1 GW power plant needs to consume in a year.
In fact, if you collected the ashes from a 1 GW coal power plant produced in the course of a year you'd find 13 tons of thorium.

In other words the usable energy content of coal is 93% nuclear and 7% chemical and right now we're completely ignoring the nuclear energy.

WAAAAAT.
legendary
Activity: 1400
Merit: 1009
November 28, 2012, 09:39:04 PM
We won't run out of it any time soon. The earth's crust is estimated to contain over a trillion tons of thorium, where each ton is capable of producing a gigawatt-year of energy when burned in a LFTR. Compare this to the number of tons of coal a 1 GW power plant needs to consume in a year.
In fact, if you collected the ashes from a 1 GW coal power plant produced in the course of a year you'd find 13 tons of thorium.

In other words the usable energy content of coal is 93% nuclear and 7% chemical and right now we're completely ignoring the nuclear energy.
newbie
Activity: 56
Merit: 0
November 28, 2012, 09:27:55 PM
Thorium is almost three times more abundant than uranium, approximately as common as lead.

That's actually a lot of thorium.
legendary
Activity: 1400
Merit: 1009
November 28, 2012, 09:07:39 PM
Thorium is almost three times more abundant than uranium, approximately as common as lead.
hero member
Activity: 532
Merit: 500
FIAT LIBERTAS RVAT CAELVM
November 28, 2012, 09:00:01 PM
From what I've heard it's not the commonness that counts but it's efficiency you can basically fission almost all of it. If thorium were as rare as uranium we would be fine too, in terms of ppm it's almost as rare as uranium except in the case of uranium there is only a rare isotope suitable.

Yup, common as dirt, completely "burn"able, even allows us to use old "waste" as fuel (providing some very interesting byproducts in the process).

Screwed, because you can't make a bomb out of it. Roll Eyes
legendary
Activity: 1666
Merit: 1057
Marketing manager - GO MP
November 28, 2012, 04:38:46 PM
From what I've heard it's not the commonness that counts but it's efficiency you can basically fission almost all of it. If thorium were as rare as uranium we would be fine too, in terms of ppm it's almost as rare as uranium except in the case of uranium there is only a rare isotope suitable.
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