Just having trouble understanding how the clams stake actually work....
Can you be more specific? Basically each output has a chance of staking that is proportional to its value in CLAMs, and inversely proportional to the total network weight. Unless the output was involved in a transaction in the last 4 hours, or staked in the last 500 blocks, in which case it has 0 chance of staking.
My weight has grown slightly but from what I read weight was meant to equal coins but my weight is around triple my coin amount (300 something weight).
I don't see how that is possible. Could you show us a screenshot please, showing your balance and your weight?
Something like this:
That is the old JD hot wallet. It has 515 dust outputs in it from faucet users who didn't yet realise that their JD deposit address has changed. It also has an output of around 6 CLAMs that is only 2 hours old. The dust is old enough to have a weight, but its total value is roughly 0, and so the whole wallet's weight is roughly 0, and it is rounded to an integer: 0. In a couple of hours the 6 CLAM deposit will be 4 hours old and will start contributing to the staking weight. But at no point do I expect the staking weight to exceed the wallet balance.
Edit: a few hours later the 6 CLAM deposit is 4 hours old and shows up in my staking weight as predicted. Note how the weight isn't greater than my balance:
I'm used to stake coins where you get a weighting from your coin amount input and it grows over time until it hits the approximate network weight at which time you are weighted more than others and you get a stake at some point around that (though I understand it can happen earlier).
CLAM weight doesn't grow over time. It's a constant 1 CLAM = 1 unit of weight. That is so that your rewards are proportional to how long you keep the wallet open for. Other coins let you run the wallet only once per week or once per month, collect all your staking returns, then shut it down again with little to no loss. CLAM rewards you for running the wallet 24/7, contributing to the network security.
Why is the network weight so high (in the 800,000 sometimes) and mine so low after 4 days? That's what i'm having trouble grasping... also it always says 4 days or 5 days expected time... is that from when they initially started staking OR from the current point in time?
The network weight is simply an estimate of the total number of CLAMs attempting to stake. There are ~700k CLAMs trying to stake. Your weight is low relative to the total network weight because your CLAM balance is low relative to the total network CLAM balance.
Like with Bitcoin mining, the expected time is from right now. The expected time to the next Bitcoin block is "10 minutes", no matter when you ask. Even if it has been an hour since the last block, the expected time to the next block is still "10 minutes". No progress was made towards finding a block in the last hour. A lot of work was done, but it failed, and we're still where we started. It's the same with CLAM staking. If you have 1% of the network weight, you have a 1% chance of staking the next block. If you fail to stake a block and get beaten by the other 99% 1000 blocks in a row, you still have a 1% chance of staking the next block.