Welcome to the dream of minimal-path value/entropy! I'll point out some stuff I already discussed on my thread (
https://bitcointalksearch.org/topic/free-bitcoins-environmentally-conscious-mining-16377 )
- The power rating on electrical devices is not fake usually, just misunderstood, there are many variables to be ironed out, especially in such a complex system like this.
- A computer PSU wastes the least power at around 50-60% load, if you go below 30% or above 80%, the nominal efficiency (~80%) gets worse. That means you need a 1000W PSU if you actually draw 500W with your computer. Your goal is to get maximum mhash/watt.
- With solar power, you can basically achieve over-nominal power during the day, allowing for overclocking and over-volting to increase your performance by up to 25%, while you can underclock and undervolt during the night to use less power but still a good mhash/watt value
- A computer UPS can run for longer than it's original battery, but it's not designed to. You need to actively cool it and make some modifications or new components to allow it to actually charge a bigger battery bank (if you use more batteries) and not burn up when running. You might also use other solutions, rectifiers and inverters dedicated for solar applications. A rectifier and an inverter will have 60-80% efficiency.
- Batteries will offer the most power if discharged at a certain rate. Discharge them too fast and they offer less than nominal power. This is why a 15 minutes UPS holds less than 5 minutes if you double it's load. The bigger the load, the less power you get to use.
- Solar panels cost about 1$/watt, and you need about 1m^2 for 100W. Besides the panels, you need an almost identical budget for the wiring and inverters (either common inverter or micro-inverters for each panel), so you pay 2$/watt for solar power capacity (4000$)
Now, let's review. A 500W PC with 400W of hashing power (800 mhash/s) will need a 1000W PSU, over 700W from the inverter, and over 1000W from the panels. And for running it at low solar activity, you might require 700Whr per every hour. Suppose you need about 14 hours of offline power (more for cloud cover) or almost 10kWhr. Most deep cycle 12V batteries have around 100 AH, so you need 8 batteries. The price seems to be 0.1$/Whr, so you need 800$ for those.
This is definitely something to do if you already have parts of the installation or plan to use it for other purposes too. Basically you don't need to sell your excess power to the grid for a measly price, you store it in monetary value which does not decay as opposed to other forms of energy storage. Depending on where you live and how much you get the stuff priced at, look at 5 to 12 years ROI.