You see when talking about effectiveness of sanctions there are a handful of things that decide their effectiveness. I'd say the three most important factors are: [1] duration, [2] scale (how much of the country's economy they target and what percentage of the world complies with them) and [3] the capabilities of the targeted country.
Lets look at 4 examples:
1. Iraq
This is a good case of a [1] "long" and [2] "large scale" sanction on a country with [3] little domestic potential for self reliance that succeeded.
In early 1990 after the US ally, the Iraqi dictator Saddam failed in his invasion of its neighbor Iran, they started getting sanctioned specially after he invaded Kuwait. [3] Iraq already had lost a lot in its futile 8 year invasion attempt including infrastructure and the country was in a huge debt.
The sanctions were [2] enforced globally which basically isolated the country. That meant lots of crisis in the country, even food crisis where large number of people are reported to starve to death because of the sanctions. These sanctions remained in place for [1] about 10 years that slowly weakened Iraq and forced them to willingly accept being disarmed which paved the way for the US/NATO invasion in 2003 and destruction of the country by US and over a million Iraqis killed!
2. Iran
This is a good case of the [1] "longest" and [2] "largest scale" of sanctions (most number of sanctions for the longest period of time) against a country with [3] a massive domestic potential for self reliance.
Ever since [1] 1979 revolution when Iranians kicked the US backed dictator and US out of their country, the US sanctions began and they've only increased in number and enforcement scale to this day.
However, the results on Iran has been completely opposite of Iraq because they could never isolate Iran nor could they damage Iran's domestic production and scientific advancement that helped the country become self reliant even in high tech field.
Of course these sanctions affected Iran's economy a lot and even led to some social unrest but they could never achieve their true goal which was to topple democracy and reinstall the US backed dictatorship to steal Iranian natural resources.
3. Saudi Arabia
This is a good example of a country that is not sanctioned but has nearly [3] zero domestic potential to become self reliant.
Experts suggest that if someday Saudi dictatorship is sanctioned, it will fall in a matter of days! The reason is simple, over the decades when Saudi dictators was obeying US orders, they were never allowed to build any kind of infrastructure and more than 80% of the country's needs are imported because that's what forces them to remain a US "colony" and ensure survival of Petrodollar.
4. Russia
Now we can talk about why sanctions haven't worked on Russia.
- First of all Russia was sanctioned [1] a little more than a year ago. 10 years from now it could be a different story assuming the New World Order fails (which is unlikely) but a year is not enough to claim that sanctions are ineffective.
- Secondly, these sanctions are [2] NOT enforced globally. Basically it is only US that has sanctioned Russia and some of the European countries complying with it and only partially (eg. they still continue buying Russian LNG or they still continue exporting vehicles to Russia, etc.) and the rest of the world doesn't really care (eg. India, Turkey, China, etc. still have economic relations with Russia).
- Finally Russia [3] has a decent domestic potential for self reliance. Having vast amount of energy, many factories and infrastructure helps greatly.
When speaking about sanctions, I always mention Cuba. This tiny island had been under sanctions for more than 60 years. Yet, no change had been achieved politically. Of course, the people there are suffering because of embargo but apparently things are not that bad as no pro-American movement had emerged there. Another good example is North Korea. Again, no effect from the sanctions.
- First of all boycott is not the same as sanctions which are enforced by the countries/governments so it's the law. This is more like a movement by the regular people. So its effectiveness is not going to be the same as sanctions but at the same time it will have an impact. For example I already covered the effects it had on Israel linked companies such as Starbucks.
- Secondly the duration is not yet long. It's only been a matter of weeks, the impact is going to be seen if this movement continues and it becomes years.
- Finally the Zionist regime needs foreign aid to continue working. If the 340 million American + 750 million European tax payers stop paying Israel hundreds of billions of dollars annually, the regime would stop functioning. That's despite the domestic capabilities of the regime. We are moving in that direction too but it may take longer, which could be called actual sanctions.