If it requires more resources to run a full-node, less full-nodes will be run (all other variables held constant).
This is an effect of shitty network design.
Satoshi was right to realize that a currency should have a limited supply, but that doesn't mean he was right about (or even though about) the economic features of the rest of the software stack.
With a tiny handful of exceptions,
all P2P networks are economically broken.
Consider a McDonalds restaurant. The more customers they need to serve, the more resources they require to do so.
Yet in spite of that fact, as the customer demand for McDonald's product increases, so does the number of stores!
Why is that the opposite of what happens with P2P networks? Because in the case of Big Macs, people pay for what they use. This customer action of paying for what they concume means that McDonalds doesn't really need to worry about how it will gather the resources it needs to scale.
The Satoshi Social Contract requires that certain system-level constraints exist (for example, the inflation schedule….we can't have the free-market solve that problem).
That's an objection only brought up by people who don't understand money.
The reason the inflation schedule shouldn't change is the same reason you shouldn't put an anchor on an airplane.
In a way, the free market *does* solve that question though - because people are free to choose whether or not they want to travel in a boat or in an airplane.
Another requirement is that Bitcoin remain decentralized. Without a constraint on blockchain growth, it seems less likely that this would always be the case.
Let's talk more about this requirement after you produce a workable definition of what "decentralized" means, and the arguments you use to justify your conclusion about how different situations will affect it.