Okay, the problem was that I needed to rename the backup file wallet.dat when I put it in the roaming data. I rescanned after that. However, it only lists 3 transactions from June before I encrypted my wallet, and I have 0 BTC in my account. It's as if the receiving addresses from after my wallet encryption didn't load. What do I do?
Wallets backups include a pool of 100 (by default) addresses that it didn't show you yet, so you're good for the next 100 addresses you use (as new receiving addresses or change addresses).
When you encrypt a wallet, it deletes the old 100 unshown addresses and makes up a new 100 addresses, because the old ones have been written to disk unencrypted and so must be considered compromised. Your old unencrypted wallet backup won't include any private keys for addresses which you hadn't seen until after you encrypted.
Edit: if you encrypt using the RPC call, it tells you:
"wallet encrypted; Bitcoin server stopping, restart to run with encrypted wallet. The keypool has been flushed, you need to make a new backup."
I expect the GUI gives a similar warning.
Edit2: yeah:
QMessageBox::warning(this, tr("Wallet encrypted"),
"" +
tr("Bitcoin will close now to finish the encryption process. "
"Remember that encrypting your wallet cannot fully protect "
"your bitcoins from being stolen by malware infecting your computer.") +
"
" +
tr("IMPORTANT: Any previous backups you have made of your wallet file "
"should be replaced with the newly generated, encrypted wallet file. "
"For security reasons, previous backups of the unencrypted wallet file "
"will become useless as soon as you start using the new, encrypted wallet.") +
"");
As long as you didn't create a bunch (100ish) of new addresses or outgoing transactions, restoring from your backup has a much better chance of restoring your funds if the backup isn't encrypted.
Unfortunately that isn't true.