And when all those lands were under people like Gadafi,Husein,Asad there was peace and tolerance let say non violent also in Iran while Sah Pahlavi was there and suddenly after their fall radical islam shows and rise up.
Both Saddam Hussein and Bashar al Assad were a part of the Arab nationalist Ba'áth party. Gaddhafi also was a proponent of Arab nationalism. They gave importance to Arab supremacy, and suppressed Islamic nationalism. Christian Arabs used to play an important role in the Ba'áth party and even now they are quite powerful.
Bryant, you are correct...arab nationalism and socialism were very popular form of protest in the middle east in the post colonial world. This was so because most of the third world turned to socialism to protest what they viewed as western hegemony. A book I would recommend is by Roy Oliviar, The Failure of Political Islam. In that book he shows how "Political Islam' grew out of the failure of Arab/Muslim states to create a better society through Arab nationalism and socialism.
If you look at the regimes during that period it is striking to see
Syria: Ba'athist party, Socialist, Secular
Egypt: Ba'athist, Socialist, Secular,
Jordan: Secular, Socialist
Iraq: Ba'athist, Socialist, Secular
Algeria: Socilaist
Libya: Socialist, Nationalist
Sudan: Socialist
Yemen: Socialist, Communist
PLO: Socialist
Afghanistan: Communist
"Political Islam" is an empty shell that uses religious terminology as political slogans. What you see is very similar to the reformation Christianity under went in Europe...every man thinks they have the right to interpret the religion how they see fit and is willing to kill anyone who opposes them, be they muslim or not.
My earlier post about the history of relations between muslims and non muslims was meant to show that historically muslims were very adept at living peacefully with others. This was so because the teachings of Islam, when interpreted by trained scholars, makes it compulsory to respect and more importantly protect people who aren't muslims.
What was Osama bin Laden by trade? A civil engineer.
And Ayman al Zawahiri? a doctor.
This is a free for all, where might makes right and religious terminology is used to appeal to their mass audience. Traditional scholars and universities of religious learning show that they do speak for the religion...but they (the extremist) are the ones with the guns and bombs.