So what you are saying is that a US based entity can order from this Swedish company and not pay VAT? From what I understand it sounds like VAT is built into the price ... and getting a VAT refund sounds like a real pain...
And as far as I am aware there is no import duty in the USA for computers. http://www.dutycalculator.com/popular-import-items/import-duty-and-taxes-for-laptop-computer/ (pick "server" from the drop down)
It's quite simple.
If a Swedish company sells a product from sweden and the buyer is in EU, they charge VAT(In EU you pay the VAT in the country you order from, so a german customer does not have to think about the VAT/customs).
-As long as a certain percentage of their sales includes VAT, the Swedish company can deduct any VAT they pay to other firm towards their VAT bill to the taxman.
If the product is is headed for a country outside the EU, the VAT is simply not levied, and it's the receiver's responsibility to pay VAT/sales tax etc. Normally after some red-tape.
Pretty sure the VAT in Sweden is 25% - remember that when you detract it from a price with VAT included, you deduct 20%
(A little brain teaser if you are not familiar with how VAT works)
BTW: Sales tax is a bit like VAT, but have to be paid by every entity in the supply chain, thus it is a lot lower, but it quickly adds up. Sales tax is levied from -raw materials-sub contractors-producer-central distributer-local distributer-retailer(every time an item changes owner). VAT is only paid by end user as all the others get VAT returns.
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