Edit: I’m in Thailand right now and using True 5g mobile provider. And German citizen. Nothing to do with the US government.
Did you have data connection enabled?
I'd say, as a non paraniod, that it would only be possible if your iphone got hacked. Secret services need some kind of access to the phone to place rootkits or trojans, usually locally or through 0day exploits (at the click of a button, using special software suites).
Look at your provider bills and phone stats to see if data was transmitted within the two minutes. video streams are quite volume-heavy, but maybe the stats can be faked with a little help of the phone manufacturer. That's the problem with closed source. If you want to be safu, just transfer the coins to a different, secure blockchain address you own, factory-reset the ledger and send the coins back (if you wish).