None of the CBDCs have the liquidity to handle trans-national trade, especially on oil and gas. Venezuela attempted this, and they failed. China came up with their e-CNY and I am yet to hear about any concrete movement. Indian government made a similar announcement more than a year ago, and the development is yet to start. The big problem is that USD remains the first preference for petroleum trade. None of these CBDCs are capable of replacing USD from the market, no matter how much the governments support them.
Liquidity is not a problem, each of these digital currencies are as liquid as the governments want it to be. They are also in their early stages so you don't see them much or hear a lot of news about them. But they are doing fine, for example the Chinese one surpassed handling $10 billion worth of transactions a while ago.
IMO the problem so far was that the countries could not agree on what to replace USD with. Each country prefers using their own currency and make that dominant. But this has some problems like the fact that countries could print their own currency as much as they wanted and as long as that is not backed by anything it becomes problematic (what US has been doing) and we'd be back where we started.
This has been changing though. Both SCO (China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, India, Pakistan, Uzbekistan and Iran) and BRICS (China, Russia, India, Brazil, South Africa and Iran) are made to ensure that happens. BRICS already announced the replacement this year. Unfortunately there hasn't been enough details about it.
Back in April I made
a topic that was in a way my speculation about the future specially the part about possibility of Atomic Swaps. I didn't post the second part of the speculationthere:
I basically speculate that the USD replacement is going to be a bunch of cryptocurrencies created by each country and backed by what that country can offer. For example CryptoRial could be backed by a combination of gas and oil since Iran has the largest reserves of those. Venezuela's Petro could be backed by oil and maybe gold since they have both (mostly oil). Same with other countries, go with what they have which is either energy or gold.
These cryptocurrencies could be used to trade with each country independently and without needing a middle man like SWIFT that could ban or sanction a country stealing their money. The exchange rate would be fixed to the backing commodity.
P.S. Keep in mind that we are talking about changing a world order that has been in place for decades. It will take a long time, specially since the existing "order" resists being replaced.