That makes sense, but I was thinking of investors who bought shares from BIT directly. (There isn't an open market for those yet.)
Is there not? I thought that was the point of SecondMarket, that they had a platform to allow "accredited investors" to exchange shares of private issues among themselves?
So, what you're saying is sort-of true, but not exactly... only AP's can transact with the fund itself, and these AP's most likely exchange BIT shares for actual bitcoin, not cash. The AP's will arbitrage price differences between the NAV and the open market, but they are not forced sellers in a way you suggest here. The fund can't be driven to zero selling against an illiquid market just because of a desire for redemptions at the NAV. Retail investors must buy/sell from willing traders on the market for the ETF shares, and redemptions only happen as an arbitrage activity when liquidity is sufficient for the redemption to be profitable.
Er... is that written somewhere on the BIT material, or are you inferring by analogy with those other funds?
Well, I see this:
http://bitcointrust.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/BIT-Fact-Sheet.pdfWhich mentions "Authorized Participants" and says it's modeled after GLD.
They do say here that they'll offer "limited" redemptions, but they also plan to have shares trade OTC. You have to assume that the people putting together these funds know what they're doing, and there would be clear issues (as you described) with offering unrestricted creation/redemption at the NAV.
Mutual funds trade at the NAV, but they can't be actively traded, and the fund usually has some period of time (7 days?) to liquidate your position and return your capital. This fund doesn't look like it's targeting a mutual-fund like structure, but I could be wrong. Mutual fund shares also don't trade on exchanges like BIT describes as its eventual goal.
If the investors can't liquidate their positions against the fund, then what is the point of it? It does not pay dividends, there will be no open market for the shares until Q4/2014 at the earliest, its NAV is tied to the bitcoin price... Then why is investing in BIT shares better than investing in bitcoins directly, and trading BIT shares better than trading bitcoins directly?
This has been answered elsewhere in the thread... when you buy bitcoins directly you have to worry about storage/security. If you're a large hedge fund, pension fund, etc, this will be cheaper than hiring a security consultant to explain bitcoin to you. If you buy shares of an E&Y audited fund and the coins get "lost" or "goxed" your investors can't sue you for negligence. They're audited. Why do people buy shares of GLD instead of physical gold? How does one even put physical gold (or bitcoin) in a tax-advantaged retirement account?
If/when an open market for BIT shares exists, would it be possible for their price to be higher than their NAV?
Of course, just like with GLD or any other ETF. Usually the difference between the price and the NAV will be less than the amount that can safely be arbitraged. I don't know about you, but I don't have a way to actually buy gold at the published spot price. There's a premium in walking into my local gold dealer, and I generally would have to sell at a discount. GLD is, for me, more liquid than physical gold. All ETFs occasionally have some small premium/discount to the NAV. It's like the bid/ask. Most things don't have singular well-defined prices. There's usually a difference between coinbase/bitstamp/btce too. I use coinbase largely because I trust them, and I'm probably not going to sign up for btce just for a 50% chance of saving a half a percent. I'm a long-term investor not a trader. If I was an active trader, I also wouldn't care about the premium, since I'm just trying to catch the trend not trying to redeem.
An ETF will be about as likely to trade at a discount as a premium. Some traders have trading strategies based on the size of the premium/discount of certain issues.