How do they already know the addresses that a person used? I mean, I guess there's still the risk that seeds aren't generated truly randomly (since - again - closed source firmware). But besides that, I'm not sure how you come to this conclusion.
What I meant is, there is nothing more they would be able to know just by receiving your hardware wallet again, they already know everything that they could reveal about you when you send it back.
Well, there's a chance that the wallet is not maliciously 'pre-seeded' such that they know every customer's seeds and addresses in advance, while at the same time they may be able to extract 'deleted' seeds from a returned device.
Ideally, they should not be able to know customers' seeds, no matter whether they send it in or not. But since we have no code, there's no way to verify whether this is the case.
Of course, all this is nothing but speculation, but in theory, they could know about everything that you worry about when sending them the hardware wallet back, so by spending your coins and sending it back -- there is nothing left to risk in that process, the risk has already been fully taken the moment you trusted their closed source firmware.
In my opinion, it's more likely that erased memory can be recovered when people send in the wallet for a refund, than Ledger actually using deterministic seeds. But it's mostly a gut-feeling type of thing for me.
How do they already know the addresses that a person used? I mean, I guess there's still the risk that seeds aren't generated truly randomly (since - again - closed source firmware). But besides that, I'm not sure how you come to this conclusion.
Think of it this way: If you use Ledger Live, and you have to at least once to install the firmware and the needed crypto apps, they can get information about your public keys, addresses, and the balances you connect to their servers. Something similar that Electrum does when you connect your wallet to an Electrum server.
Even if you purchased your HW anonymously and had it delivered to a PO box or company where you work, they would still be able to connect your name to the wallets that were connected to their servers in the past if you decide to send the HW back. I doubt you can ship a package anonymously, unless you get someone else to do it for you.
I see; so there's no alternative client for initial setup / updates / app installs and so forth, like on Trezor with
trezorctl command-line client?
Somehow I thought a similar thing existed for Ledger, as well. Maybe that was a thing in the past which got killed. Or my memory simply tricked me. Then I guess Ledger users are SOL no matter what.
It may be possible to clone
https://github.com/LedgerHQ/ledger-live and patch out all the connections to Ledger servers, or even just do it through your firewall. Someone may even have done it before, not sure about that. It should be evident that I'm not too knowledgeable or experienced with Ledger products myself.