God judges the heart. I personally believe that there will be many people of different faiths that go to heaven, but only after they see Jesus for who He really is in the afterlife. Those with sincere and pure hearts that really seek God and want to do what is right, he knows them and God will provide a way for them. I personally think the English translation of scripture has done huge harm in translating "sheol" or "the grave" into "Hell." There are more places talked about in the afterlife than simply heaven and hell. There is sheol, hades, death, the grave, and then the final punishment is the lake of eternal fire (what we consider hell.) There is a misconception that it is totally black and white when it comes to these things. You accept Jesus here on earth and go to heaven or don't accept, or never even get a chance to hear about Jesus and you go to hell, is the common teaching. This doesn't sit right with most people that are not Christians (and some that are) because we know it is unfair. Why would we want to serve a God that was unfair? But because God puts the sense of fairness and justice in our hearts to begin with, this should cause us to sit back and question this.
Here is the issue. The Bible says that there is only one way to the Father and it is through Jesus Christ and that there is no other name in which to be saved. That is very black and white in scripture. But I believe that there will be a chance, after death, for people to accept or reject Jesus. This is not a common belief in the church at all. I guess the Catholic have a sort of "purgatory" that they believe in. The only thing is that I am not sure if our prayers here on earth will have an affect on souls there waiting. But I digress. The Bible says that Jesus holds the keys to death and the grave. While he was in the grave for 3 days, my personal belief is that he went to Sheol and visited the souls there in waiting. (I believe it will be people of all time past and future) People there had a choice, just like here, to accept or reject him. Perhaps those that lived lives of love and compassion were more apt to accept? Maybe those that rejected God outright already made their choice and do not get that choice? There is a story about Lazarus and rich man in scripture that makes it seem like there might not be a choice for some that live selfish lives and reject God. The Bible does say, "He that denies me on earth I will deny in heaven" so I think that there might be no second chances for some that have already made up their minds.
I have considered blogging about this at some point. It really has changed my view of how I see things. There are some wonderful people that are Jewish, Muslim, Hindu, etc. . . that really seek to love others. I know that God would be pleased with this. However, as fallen people in a sinful world we cannot earn our salvation, even if we are extremely "good people." We will never be good enough on our own (because we all have sinned) and we all need Jesus. Knowing that they might not fully understand this, because of the fact that they have never heard of Jesus, or been taught about Him, but will eventually see the truth if they have a pure heart, if not in this life in the after life, seems to be more in the true character of God that I read about in the Bible. Besides, the great men of faith and all of the people that lived during the time of the Old Testament (before Jesus was even born) had not heard of Jesus yet. They would have needed to accept or reject Him at some point in time. This is why the thought of people having a chance to accept Jesus after death actually is not in contradiction to the Bible.
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Not sure I understand your question. Are you commenting on how I said that God will look at their hearts and see if people want to do what is "right?"
God's law is the truth and what is "right." In a way, our conscience is what can often give us a sense of right and wrong as well.
But if you were to ask me to summarize what is "right" in a short sentence it would be to "'Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your strength and with all your mind'; and, 'Love your neighbor as yourself.'" This is the greatest commandment is it not?